TC Watch / 熱帶氣旋 > Selected TC Review / 重要熱帶氣旋回顧 > 201105W (SARIKA 莎莉嘉) [Refresh 更新]
 201105W (SARIKA 莎莉嘉) - Profile 檔案 |
(Issued on June 25, 2011)
(於 2011 年 6 月 25 日發出)
Brief profile of SARIKA 莎莉嘉小檔案:
| JTWC number 聯合颱風警報中心 (JTWC) 號碼 | 05W |
| International number 國際編號 | 1103 |
| Period of existence 生存時期 (JTWC) | 2011/06/09 08 HKT - 2011/06/11 08 HKT |
| Lifetime 壽命 (JTWC) | 2.00 days 日 |
| Maximum 1-minute wind (JTWC) JTWC 一分鐘平均最高中心風速 | 35 knots 節 (Tropical Storm 熱帶風暴) |
| Minimum pressure (JTWC) JTWC 最低氣壓 | 996 hPa 百帕 |
| Highest TC signal by HKO (if applicable) 香港天文台發出最高熱帶氣旋警告信號 |
1 (Standby Signal 戒備信號) |
| Closest point of approach by HKO (if applicable) 香港天文台所示之最接近距離 (如適用) |
E 280 km (real-time warning 實時報告) / ENE 280 km (TC report 熱帶氣旋報告) |
| Time of closest approach by HKO (if applicable) 香港天文台所示之最接近時間 (如適用) |
2011/06/11 03 HKT (real-time warning 實時報告 / TC report 熱帶氣旋報告) |
| Lowest pressure recorded at HKO (if applicable) 香港天文台錄得的最低氣壓 (如適用) |
1001.7 hPa 百帕 (2011/06/10 18:06 HKT) |
TC signals for Hong Kong & Track 香港曾經生效的熱帶氣旋警告和路徑圖:
Table 表:
| Signal 信號 |
Date and time 日期和時間 |
Distance from HK 與香港的距離 |
Predicted movement 預測移動方向和速度 |
Max. 10-min winds 中心最高十分鐘平均風速 |
 |
2011/06/10 (FRI) 09:40 HKT |
SE 510 km |
NNW at 20 km/h |
65 km/h (35 knots, TS) |
 |
2011/06/11 (SAT) 07:15 HKT |
ENE 300 km |
N at 22 km/h |
55 km/h (30 knots, TD) |
Figure 圖:
(Track courtesy of Lorenzo. Data from HKO. 鳴謝 Lorenzo 提供路徑圖，資料取自天文台)
IR imagery animation 紅外線雲圖動畫:
TC track from HKWW 本站的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:
TC track from HKO 天文台的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:
| Past HKWW Bulletins on SARIKA 本站有關莎莉嘉的發佈 |
Please click here for bulletins on SARIKA. 請按這裡。
| Storm Formation and Development 氣旋形成和發展 |
Unless otherwise stated, all times below are in Hong Kong Standard Time (UTC+8)
除非特別註明，下文時間均為香港標準時間 (協調世界時加 8 小時)
SARIKA is the first tropical cyclone to necessitate tropical cyclone signals in Hong Kong this year.
The area of low pressure associated with SARIKA first appeared east of Philippines as a loose patch of convections in early June. The low pressure area traversed central Philippines on June 7 and 8, with cloud bands gradually becoming cyclonic in the process. The JTWC issued the formation alert for this disturbance on June 9 as it started to move into the South China Sea. It was upgraded to tropical depression 05W just six hours later. Around that time numerical forecasts were quite consistent in predicting a more or less poleward movement that would bring the storm towards eastern Guangdong.
Tropical depression 05W expanded in size on June 9, but convections did not persist for long. The HKO upgraded 05W into a tropical depression at around 19 HKT that day.
莎莉嘉為本年首個氣旋令天文台發出熱帶氣旋信號。
一個低壓區於 6 月初在菲律賓以東形成。該低壓區於 7 及 8 日橫過菲律賓中部，氣旋式雲帶逐漸明顯。隨著該低壓區進入南海，JTWC 於 9 日發佈熱帶氣旋形成警報，並於 6 小時後將其升格為熱帶低氣壓 05W。當時數值預報模式頗為一致，預測 05W 將大約以偏北方向移動，趨向廣東東部。
05W 於 6 月 9 日逐步擴展，但對流持續時間不長。香港天文台於當日下午大約 7 時升格 05W 為熱帶低氣壓。
Figure 1 - Infrared satellite imagery at 08 HKT, June 8
圖 1 - 6 月 8 日上午 8 時的紅外線衛星雲圖
Figure 2 - Initial forecast track by JTWC
圖 2 - JTWC 初始預測圖
| Approaching Eastern Guangdong 趨向廣東東部 |
At that time, the subtropical ridge axis was near 22 degrees north. 05W was situated in its western periphery, and naturally a northward turn was projected. Its convections diminished during the night, but a burst was seen the next morning. The JMA upgraded this cyclone into a tropical storm at 02 HKT on June 10 and named it SARIKA. This name was contributed by Cambodia, meaning singing bird. The HKO also upgraded SARIKA into a tropical storm at 06 HKT that day.
As SARIKA continued to move towards southeastern China coastal areas, the HKO issued the first Standby Signal this year at 09:40 HKT, when SARIKA was about 510 km southeast of Hong Kong.
SARIKA's convections remained unstable, and the system shifted north quickly during the day. The low-level ciculation centre became exposed. Possibly due to the prevailing southwest monsoon in the South China Sea, gale force south to southwesterly winds were observed in ASCAT wind field images to the east of SARIKA's centre, confirming the cyclone's status as a tropical storm. However, the same images show that winds in its western semicircle were extremely light - strong winds extended no more than 50 km from the storm centre.
當時副熱帶高壓脊的脊線大約於北緯 22 度。05W 在副高西面，因而預測向北移動。05W 的對流於晚間轉薄，但翌日 (6 月 10 日) 早上再度爆發。日本氣象廳在 6 月 10 日上午 2 時將 05W 升格為熱帶風暴，命名為莎莉嘉。此名由柬埔寨提供，意思為啼鳥。香港天文台亦於當天早上約 6 時將莎莉嘉升格為熱帶風暴。
隨著莎莉嘉北上並逐步靠近中國東南部沿岸地區，天文台於上午 9 時 40 分發出本年首個一號戒備信號，當時莎莉嘉約於香港東南方 510 公里處。
莎莉嘉的對流仍然不穩定，而它亦於當天快速北上。它的低層環流中心變得完全暴露。可能受到南海的西南季候風的影響，當天的 ASCAT 風場圖顯示莎莉嘉東半圓吹烈風程度南至西南風，確認其熱帶風暴強度。可是，該圖亦顯示其西半圓風力非常弱 --- 強風圈不到 50 公里闊。
Figure 3 - Steering flow map at 14 HKT, June 9
圖 3 - 6 月 9 日下午 2 時的駛流圖
Figure 4 - SARIKA's wind field at around 10 HKT, June 10
圖 4 - 6 月 10 日約上午 10 時之風場圖
| Landfall and Dissipation 登陸與消散 |
Again, SARIKA's deep convections were gradually lost during nighttime. By early June 11, convections were so sparse that it was impossible to identify a tropical cyclone by referring to infrared satellite images. However, lower level rainbands could still be observed in radar images provided by China. SARIKA was closest to Hong Kong at around 03 HKT when it was 280 km ENE of the territory. SARIKA's effective radius in the western semicircle was indeed small because local wind directions remained south, as opposed to turning north when a tropical cyclone passes to the east. According to the CMA, SARIKA made landfall near Shantou at 05:45 HKT as a minimal tropical storm. Convections bursted near the shoreline, but represented no more than an assurance that the cyclone was still alive. The HKO lifted the Standby Signal at 07:15 HKT when SARIKA no longer posed a threat to Hong Kong.
SARIKA weakened quickly after making landfall and dissipated in the afternoon.
莎莉嘉的深層環流又再一次於 6 月 10 日晚間減弱。至 11 日，它的環流之弱使整個風暴幾乎從紅外線衛星雲圖上消失。儘管如此，低層雨帶仍在中國中央氣象台的雷達圖上可見。莎莉嘉於 11 日凌晨約 3 時最接近香港，當時它在香港東北偏東約 280 公里。香港大部分地區當晚仍然吹南風，而非如正常情況熱帶氣旋在東面掠過時轉吹北風，這顯示莎莉嘉西半圓影響範圍確實細小。根據中央氣象台的資料，莎莉嘉於早上約 5 時 45 分在汕頭一帶登陸，強度為熱帶風暴下限。對流在近岸地區爆發，但未能回復旋捲性。隨著莎莉嘉的威脅減低，天文台於上午 7 時 15 分取消戒備信號。
莎莉嘉登陸後快速減弱，於當天下午消散。
Figures 5a to 5c - Satellite imageries at 6-hour intervals. SARIKA's deep convections disappeared gradually
圖 5a 至 5c - 每 6 小時的衛星雲圖。莎莉嘉的深層環流逐漸消失
Figure 6 - Radar image showing SARIKA's cyclonic structure near landfall
圖 6 - 雷達圖顯示莎莉嘉接近登陸時的氣旋式結構
Figure 7 - Wind direction at Waglan Island on June 10. It can be seen that the wind direction did not turn north
圖 7 - 橫瀾島於 6 月 10 日的風向。從上圖可見風向並未因莎莉嘉移近而轉北
| Winds Recorded at Reference Stations 參考站所錄得的風速 |
(Except for special cases, this section is not available for cyclones that only necessitated the Standby Signal 除非特別情況，否則此部只當氣旋令天文台發出三號或更高信號時提供)
| Charts and Figures 各項數據 |
Table 1: Track data from HKWW:
表一 : 香港天氣觀測站之路徑資料
YYMMDDZZ Lat Long Wind |
Table 2: Maximum gust and hourly average wind speed recorded in Hong Kong from HKO:
表二 : 香港天文台公佈的各站最高每小時平均風力和陣風數據
| Station | Maximum Gust |
Maximum Hourly Mean Wind |
||||||
| Direction | Speed (km/h) |
Date/Month | Time | Direction | Speed (km/h) |
Date/Month | Time | |
| Bluff Head (Stanley) | SE |
22 |
10/6 |
16:11 |
SE |
14 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
| Central Pier | ENE |
23 |
10/6 |
16:44 |
E
|
16
|
10/6
|
19:00
|
ENE |
23 |
10/6 |
16:48 |
|||||
| Cheung Chau | WNW |
38 |
11/6 |
06:41 |
WNW |
20 |
11/6 |
07:00 |
| Cheung Chau Beach | W |
40 |
11/6 |
06:43 |
ESE |
13 |
10/6 |
18:00 |
| Green Island | SSE |
34 |
10/6 |
16:30 |
S |
30 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
| Hong Kong International Airport | WSW
|
45
|
11/6
|
04:58
|
SSE |
19 |
10/6 |
18:00 |
SSE |
19 |
10/6 |
19:00 |
|||||
| Kai Tak | W |
31 |
11/6 |
07:04 |
SE |
19 |
10/6 |
12:00 |
| King's Park | E |
27 |
10/6 |
16:28 |
ESE |
13 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
| Lau Fau Shan | SE |
36 |
10/6 |
17:36 |
SE |
23 |
10/6 |
18:00 |
| Ngong Ping | W |
51 |
11/6 |
06:27 |
W |
31 |
11/6 |
07:00 |
| North Point | E |
31 |
10/6 |
16:02 |
E
|
22
|
10/6
|
17:00
|
E |
31 |
10/6 |
16:25 |
|||||
| Peng Chau | SSE
|
25
|
10/6
|
15:09
|
S |
13 |
10/6 |
16:00 |
S |
13 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
|||||
| Ping Chau | SE |
22 |
10/6 |
15:45 |
SSE |
7 |
10/6 |
16:00 |
| Sai Kung | S |
25 |
10/6 |
16:03 |
S |
20 |
10/6 |
16:00 |
| Sha Chau | SSW |
31 |
11/6 |
05:07 |
SE
|
22
|
10/6
|
21:00
|
SSW |
31 |
11/6 |
05:10 |
|||||
| Sha Lo Wan | SSW |
31 |
11/6 |
05:17 |
SE |
16 |
10/6 |
18:00 |
| Sha Tin | SE |
30 |
10/6 |
16:29 |
E |
14 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
| Shek Kong | S |
20 |
10/6 |
16:13 |
S
|
9
|
10/6
|
17:00
|
SSE |
20 |
10/6 |
16:54 |
|||||
| Star Ferry (Kowloon) | W |
27 |
11/6 |
06:45 |
E |
16 |
10/6 |
19:00 |
| Ta Kwu Ling | E |
25 |
10/6 |
15:23 |
E |
12 |
10/6 |
16:00 |
| Tai Mei Tuk | SE |
25 |
10/6 |
16:07 |
E
|
14
|
10/6
|
19:00
|
SE |
25 |
10/6 |
16:34 |
|||||
| Tai Mo Shan | SW
|
34
|
11/6
|
04:45
|
ESE |
23 |
10/6 |
23:00 |
SW |
23 |
11/6 |
05:00 |
|||||
SW |
23 |
11/6 |
06:00 |
|||||
| Tap Mun | SE |
31 |
10/6 |
15:49 |
SE |
20 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
| Tate's Cairn | E |
31 |
10/6 |
20:17 |
E |
23 |
10/6 |
20:00 |
E |
31 |
10/6 |
20:19 |
ESE |
23 |
10/6 |
23:00 |
|
| Tsak Yue Wu | SSW |
20 |
10/6 |
15:36 |
SSW |
7 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
| Tseung Kwan O | ESE |
22 |
10/6 |
11:10 |
NE |
9 |
10/6 |
10:00 |
| Tsing Yi Shell Oil Depot | SE |
25 |
10/6 |
18:18 |
SE |
13 |
10/6 |
19:00 |
| Tuen Mun Government Offices | SSE |
34 |
10/6 |
15:33 |
SE
|
20
|
10/6
|
18:00
|
SSE |
34 |
10/6 |
17:08 |
|||||
SE |
34 |
10/6 |
17:51 |
|||||
| Waglan Island | SE
|
22
|
10/6
|
15:47
|
SE |
13 |
10/6 |
16:00 |
E |
13 |
10/6 |
20:00 |
|||||
| Wetland Park | S |
27 |
10/6 |
17:00 |
S |
13 |
10/6 |
16:00 |
| Wong Chuk Hang | SE |
25 |
10/6 |
13:49 |
SSE |
14 |
10/6 |
14:00 |
Table 3: Rainfall (in millimetres) contributed by SARIKA from HKO (figures in brackets are based on incomplete hourly data):
表三 : 香港天文台公佈的各站雨量資料 (方括號內之數據由不完整之每小時資料擷取)
| Station | 10-Jun |
11-Jun |
Total |
|
| Hong Kong Observatory | 0.0 |
11.6 |
11.6 |
|
| Cheung Chau (CCH) | [0.5] |
[6.0] |
[6.5] |
|
| Hong Kong International Airport (HKA) | 0.0 |
26.1 |
26.1 |
|
| N05 | Fanling | [0.0] |
[8.5] |
[8.5] |
| N13 | High Island | [0.0] |
[1.0] |
[1.0] |
| K04 | Jordan Valley | [0.0] |
[21.0] |
[21.0] |
| N06 | Kwai Chung | [0.0] |
[24.0] |
[24.0] |
| H12 | Mid Levels | [0.0] |
[13.0] |
[13.0] |
| H21 | Repulse Bay | [0.0] |
[7.0] |
[7.0] |
| N09 | Sha Tin | [0.0] |
[3.5] |
[3.5] |
| H19 | Shau Kei Wan | [0.0] |
[0.0] |
[0.0] |
| SEK | Shek Kong | 0.0 |
[41.0] |
[41.0] |
| K06 | So Uk Estate | [0.0] |
[6.0] |
[6.0] |
| R31 | Tai Mei Tuk | 0.0 |
[13.5] |
[13.5] |
| R21 | Tap Shek Kok | 0.0 |
[4.5] |
[4.5] |
| N17 | Tung Chung | [0.0] |
[125.5] |
[125.5] |
| R27 | Yuen Long | 0.0 |
[8.5] |
[8.5] |
Last Accessed 最近訪問日期: Fri Apr 19 2024 08:36:20 HKT
Last Modified 最近修訂日期: Mon Jul 24 2023
