(10月21日) 超強颱風鮎魚吹襲菲律賓，實測顯示登陸前最低氣壓接近 890 百帕。由於鮎魚強度極高，華南各地加緊戒備。天文台再次發出三號強風信號。最後鮎魚轉北並登陸福建漳浦，威力比預期小。

(Oct 21) Super Typhoon Megi traversed the Philippines. Prior to its landfall, its minimum central pressure was measured to be around 890 hPa. Due to Megi's intensity, special preparations were made in southern China. The Strong Wind Signal was once again issued, but Megi eventually turned north and made landfall at Zhangpu, Fujian with intensity lower than expected.

(12月17日) 受到一股強烈冬季季候風影響，本港氣溫於 15 日晚開始急速下跌，天文台於今天錄得最低氣溫 5.8 度，是自 1999 年 12 月 23 日來的最低溫度。天文台在大帽山發現結霜，該地氣溫曾下降至零下 3 度；翌日沙田和打鼓嶺亦接獲結霜報告。

(Dec 17) Affected by a strong winter monsoon, temperatures in Hong Kong dropped significantly since December 15. The mercury dipped to a minimum of 5.8 degrees today at the HK Observatory, the lowest since December 23, 1999. Frost was detected at Tai Mo Shan; the air temperature reached -3 degrees there. Frost was also detected in Sha Tin and Ta Kwu Ling on December 18.

(9月9日) 香港受大雷雨影響，在零時起的一小時內，天文台在香港共錄得 13102 次雲對地閃電，是天文台自 2005 年有閃電紀錄以來一小時閃電次數的最高紀錄。天文台亦接獲市民目睹不明飛行物體報告，但隨後證實只為光線反射及折射後出現的影像。

(Sep 9) Affected by thunderstorms and heavy rains, the Observatory recorded 13102 cloud-to-ground strikes in Hong Kong between 00:00 and 01:00 today. This is the highest number of strikes in an hour on record since 2005. The Observatory also received UFO sightings reports, but were later confirmed to be optical illusions.

(3月22日) 源自蒙古的沙塵暴向南擴展，其沙塵於今天移至華南地區。本港能見度轉差，受懸浮粒子影響，多區空氣污染指數達 500 頂點，是自 1995 年 6 月有紀錄以來最高。

(Mar 22) The sandstorm originated from Mongolia spread southward; the sand and dust associated moved to southern China today. Visibility in Hong Kong worsened, and due to the increased level of suspended particulates, air pollution indices in many districts reached 500, the upper limit of the index scale. This is the first time the index reached its upper limit since its implementation in June 1995.

(11月19日) 后海灣發生 2.8 級地震，天文台接獲超過 100 名市民報告，表示感到震動。是次地震於香港的烈度約為 IV 度，約相等於大型貨車駛過的震動。

(Nov 19) A magnitude 2.8 earthquake occurred in Deep Bay. The Observatory received over 100 reports of felt tremors in Hong Kong. It is estimated to be of intensity IV on the Modified Mercalli Scale, with vibration similar to a heavy truck passing by.

(4月14日) 青海玉樹發生 7.1 級地震，多數房屋倒塌，超過 2600 人遇難。其中到當地協助救援的香港義工黃福榮，救人期間遇上餘震，不幸身亡。

(Apr 14) A 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu, Qinghai. The majority of buildings collapsed, and more than 2600 people were killed. Wong Fuk-wing, a Hong Kong volunteer, died as the building he was rescuing victims from collapsed in an aftershock.

(1月12日) 海地發生 7.0 級地震，震央位於首度太子港附近，大量建築物倒塌，地震共造成超過 20 萬人死亡。

(Jan 12) A magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurred in Haiti near capital Port-au-Prince. Many buildings collapsed as a result, and the death toll was estimated to be above 200,000.

(2月27日) 智利發生 8.8 級地震，逾 500 人死亡。地震並造成海嘯，波及整個中美洲以及太平洋國家和地區。

(Feb 27) A magnitude 8.8 earthquake occurred in Chile, killing more than 500. The tsunami produced affected a number of countries and regions in the Pacific.

(11月底至12月) 歐洲冬初異常寒冷，多處下起大雪。英國、法國和挪威等地錄得破紀錄 11 月低溫，其後影響範圍擴大至德國，波蘭等中歐國家。寒冷天氣於 12 月中下旬加劇，陸空交通大受影響。

(Late Nov to Dec) Europe experienced an unusually cold start to this winter. Snow storms affected almost everywhere in the continent, with some countries like Norway, France and the UK measuring record temperatures in November. The storms then moved southeast and affected central European countries like Germany and Poland. Cold weather aggrevated in mid-late December, leading to disruptions in land and air travel.

(7月27日) 一道低壓槽徘徊華南，為本港帶來大雨和雷暴，后海灣出現數條漏斗雲及水龍捲。不穩定的天氣於 28 日持續，天文台繼 22 日後再度發出黑色暴雨警告。

(Jul 27) A lingering trough brought heavy rains and thunderstorms to Hong Kong. Several funnel clouds and waterspouts were spotted in Deep Bay. Unstable weather persisted on July 28, and the Black Rainstorm Warning was once again issued after July 22.

(9月1日) 強烈熱帶風暴獅子山於南海徘徊。受其他熱帶氣旋影響，獅子山路徑飄忽，天文台先後兩次發出一號戒備信號。獅子山再度接近前所帶來的下沉氣流為香港帶來悶熱的天氣，天文台於 9 月 1 日錄得本年最高氣溫 34.1 度。

(Sep 1) Severe Tropical Storm Lionrock lingered in the South China Sea. Affected by other tropical cyclones, Lionrock had an erratic path, and the Standby Signal was issued twice for Lionrock. Prior to its second approach, the subsidence associated with Lionrock brought very hot weather to Hong Kong. The HK Observatory recorded a top temperature of 34.1 degrees on September 1, the highest this year.

(4月14日) 冰島的埃亞菲亞德拉火山在 3 月 20 和 4 月 14 日爆發，後者產生大量火山灰，多國需關閉機場並禁止飛機升降。

(Apr 14) Eyjafjallajokull, a volcano in Iceland, erupted on March 20 and April 14. The April 14 eruption ejected large masses of ashes into the sky, disrupting air traffic. Many airports in Europe were temporarily closed as a result.

(1月26日) 世界氣象組織確認澳洲巴羅島在 1996 年 4 月 10 日氣旋 Olivia 吹襲時所錄得的每小時 408 公里 (220 節) 之陣風為有紀錄以來最高的非龍捲風風速。

(Jan 26) The World Meteorological Organization confirmed the 408-km/h (220-knot) wind gust recorded at Barrow Island, Australia during the passage of Cyclone Olivia on April 10, 1996 as the highest non-tornadic wind speed on record.

(9月20日) 強颱風凡亞比直撲台灣，隨後以偏西方向移入福建和廣東，天文台發出三號強風信號。凡亞比的殘餘於隨後兩三天為華南帶來大雨，在廣東省共造成逾百人死亡。

(Sep 20) Severe Typhoon Fanapi hit Taiwan and then approached Fujian and Guangdong in a westerly direction. The Strong Wind Signal was issued in Hong Kong. Its remnants brought heavy rains to southern China, causing over 100 deaths in Guangdong Province.

(7月21日) 受颱風燦都影響，天文台發出本年首個三號強風信號。燦都的外圍環流雨帶為香港帶來大雨，天文台於 22 日發出黑色暴雨警告，洪水造成 4 人死亡。

(Jul 21) The first Strong Wind Signal this year was issued by the HK Observatory as Typhoon Chanthu threatened the territory. Its outer rainbands caused widespread downpours, necessitating the Black Rainstorm Warning on July 22. Four people died due to the floods.

(6月2日) 受東北季候風影響，天文台於今天錄得最低氣溫 20.4 度，是自 1964 年來 6 月的最低溫度。

(Jun 2) Affected by a northeast monsoon, the HK Observatory recorded a minimum temperature of 20.4 degrees, the lowest in June since 1964.

(8月8日) 甘肅舟曲暴雨造成泥石流，接近 1500 人遇難。

(Aug 8) Prolonged rainfall in Zhouqu, Gansu led to large-scale mudslide which claimed nearly 1500 lives.

(1月15日) 非洲中部和亞洲中南部可見一次日環食，最大食地點之環食時間為 12 分 9 秒，是近二千年來最長的環食。本港亦於當天下午出現日偏食，太陽圓盤超過一半的面積被掩蓋。

(Jan 15) An annular solar eclipse was visible in central Africa and central/southern Asia. Annularity lasted 12 minutes and 9 seconds at the point of greatest eclipse, the longest in nearly two thousand years. Hong Kong also witnessed a partial eclipse that afternoon, with more than half of the Sun's area obscured by the Moon.

(1月) 歐洲經歷一個異常寒冷的冬天，多處錄得破紀錄低溫和大雪。

(Jan) Europe experienced an unusually cold winter, with continent-wide heavy snowfalls and record-breaking minimum temperatures.

(2月19日) 冬季季候風影響華南地區，天文台錄得最低氣溫 7.7 度，為 09/10 年冬季最低。

(Feb 19) A surge of winter monsoon affected southern China, and the HK Observatory recorded a minimum temperature of 7.7 degrees, the lowest in 09/10 winter.

(3月) 受厄爾尼諾現象影響，中國西南部自去年末開始出現大旱。在災情最嚴重的雲南省，僅農業損失已高達 172 億元人民幣。

(Mar) Under the influence of El Nino, SW China experienced drought since late 2009. Yunnan, one of the hardest-hit provinces, suffered a loss of 17.2 billion yuan on agriculture alone.

(2月7日) 受不穩定氣流影響，今天密雲且持續有雨，天文台錄得 94.1 毫米雨量，是有紀錄以來 2 月份的單日最高雨量。

(Feb 7) Affected by an unstable airstream, overcast weather prevailed in Hong Kong with continuous rain. The Observatory recorded 94.1 mm of rainfall today, the highest single-day rainfall on record in February.

(11月15日) 美國太空總署宣布昌德拉X射線天文台發現宇宙近鄰 (約 5000 萬光年外) 的一個約 30 歲的年輕黑洞存在的證據。

(Nov 15) The NASA announced that the Chandra X-ray Observatory had found evidence of the youngest black hole (about 30 years old) known in our cosmic neighbourhood of about 50 million light years.

(10月22日) 於孟加拉灣形成的氣旋 Giri 爆發增強至四級颶風強度，並登陸緬甸，造成超過 150 人死亡。

(Oct 22) Cyclone Giri underwent rapid intensification into a category four hurricane. It made landfall in Myanmar and was responsible for over 150 deaths.

(10月20日) 歐洲天文學家發現一個距離地球約 131 億光年的星系UDFy-38135539，其誕生時間僅為宇宙大爆炸發生 6 億年後，是人類迄今為止發現的距離地球最遙遠和最古老的星系。

(Oct 20) Astronomers announced the discovery of the galaxy UDFy-38135539, the most distant object observed from earth. It formed just 600 million years after the Big Bang, 4% of the universe's current age.

(10月25日) 印尼默拉皮火山爆發，超過 35 萬人被撤離，但仍有 350 人死亡。

(Oct 25) Mount Merapi in Indonesia erupted. Although more than 350000 people were evacuated, the eruption still claimed more than 350 lives.

(3月27日) 全球 126 個國家和地區響應由世界自然基金會發起的環保活動『地球一小時』。本港超過 2000 座大廈在晚上 8 時 30 分，響應全球熄燈一小時行動，表達對氣候變化的關注。

(Mar 27) 126 countries and regions participated in the 'Earth Hour' event organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. 2000 buildings in Hong Kong switched off unnecessary lighting from 8:30 to 9:30 p.m. today to express their awareness of global warming.

(6月3日) 火星-500 地面模擬實驗火星載人飛行試驗第三階段開始，6 人將於模擬太空船中度過 18 個月，期間與外界只維持有限的溝通。

(Jun 3) The third stage of the MARS-500 project began, with six men entering the sealed facility in Moscow where they would spend 18 months in isolation from the outside world.

(3月4日) 台灣發生 6.4 級地震，天文台接獲 8 宗市民報告指所在地有感。是次地震於香港的烈度約為 II 度。

(Mar 4) A magnitude 6.4 earthquake occurred in Taiwan. The HK Observatory received 8 reports of felt tremor in Hong Kong. The Observatory listed the earthquake as intensity II on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale.

(9月29日) 美國天文學家利用設在夏威夷的凱克天文望遠鏡在紅矮星格利澤581的適居帶發現一顆可能有水的行星格利澤581g。

(Sep 29) Astronomers discovered the first Earth analog extrasolar planet that might be capable of supporting life, Gliese 581 g, located within the habitable zone and orbiting Gliese 581, a red dwarf star twenty light years from the solar system.

(10月1日) 嫦娥二號衛星發射，其後成功靠近月球並拍得近月照片。

(Oct 1) Lunar probe Chang'e 2 was successfully launched. It later approached the moon and obtained high-resolution images.

(10月25日) 印尼蘇門答臘明打威群島附近海域發生 7.7 級地震，並引發海嘯，造成至少 435 人死亡。是次地震的板塊斷層與 2004 年印度洋 9.3 級地震相同。

(Oct 25) A magnitude 7.7 earthquake occurred near Sumatra, Indonesia, triggering a tsunami. The quake claimed at least 435 lives. This earthquake occurred on the same fault that produced the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake of megnitude 9.3.

(7月15日) 颱風康森於 13 日橫掃菲律賓，造成超過 100 人死亡。康森隨後進入南海，香港天文台發出一號戒備信號。它於 16 日晚掠過海南，翌日登陸越南北部。

(Jul 15) Typhoon Conson swept through central and northern Philippines on July 13, killing more than 100 people. It later entered the South China Sea and the HK Observatory issued the Standby Signal. Conson neared Hainan on July 16, and made landfall at northern Vietnam on July 17.

(11月29日至12月10日) 2010 年聯合國氣候變化大會於墨西哥坎昆舉行，各國達成共識，已發展國家和部分發展中國家將履行哥本哈根協議，減低溫室氣體的排放量。

(Nov 29 to Dec 10) The 2010 United Nations Climate Change Conference was held in Cancun, Mexico. An agreement was reached, calling for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by developed countries and certain developing countries.

(11月5日) 颶風 Tomas 吹襲加勒比海島嶼，令海地的霍亂疫情更趨嚴重。Tomas 亦成為大西洋本年度第 21 個熱帶氣旋，使 2010 年成為該區自 2005 年來最活躍的風季。

(Nov 5) Hurricane Tomas affected the Caribbean islands, which aggrevated the cholera outbreak in Haiti. Tomas is the 21st storm to form this year in the Atlantic, making 2010 the most active hurricane season in the region since 2005.

(7月21日) 一個國際研究小組利用位於智利的歐洲南方天文台超大望遠鏡和哈勃太空望遠鏡發現了迄今質量最大的恆星 R136a1，它的質量為太陽的 265 倍。

(Jul 21) Scientists announced the discovery of R136a1 using the Very Large Telescope in Chile, the most massive star ever found. Its mass was estimated to be 265 times that of the Sun.

(7月) 巴基斯坦出現 80 年來最嚴重的洪災，估計超過 2 千萬人受影響。

(Jul) The worst flood in 80 years stroke Pakistan, with an estimated number of more than 20 million people affected.

(3月6日) 澳洲受風暴影響，墨爾本下起巨大冰雹，部分直徑更達 5 厘米。

(Mar 6) Affected by storms, heavy rains affected the Australian state of Victoria. Hailstones that fell in Melbourne were as large as 5 cm in diameter.

(7月) 北半球夏季異常炎熱，俄羅斯遭受旱災和高溫侵襲，多處森林爆發火災，污染程度飆升。

(Jul) The northern hemisphere was abnormally hot during the summer. Due to record temperatures and persistant drought, wildfires started in Russia, primarily the western parts. Pollutant concentrations were above normal.

(12月21日) 美洲可見一次月全食，但香港只可於日落後看到輕微的偏食。

(Dec 21) A total lunar eclipse was visible in the Americas, but Hong Kong could only witness a slight partial eclipse shortly after sunset.

(6月26日) 東南亞和大洋洲可見月偏食，但由於食甚出現於香港日落後不久，可觀性大打折扣。

(Jun 26) A partial lunar eclipse was visible in southeastern Asia and Oceania. However, as greatest eclipse took place not long after sunset in Hong Kong, local visibility was less than optimal.

(7月11日) 太平洋南部、南美洲南部發生日食，其中太平洋南部的復活節島等島嶼和智利、阿根廷的南部可見日全食。

(Jul 11) A total solar eclipse occurred in the south Pacific Ocean with thousands viewing the event on Easter Island.

(9月9日) 兩顆小行星 2010RX30 及 2010RF12 在離地球小於地月距離 (分別為 25 萬和 7.9 萬公里) 掠過。

(Sep 9) Two small asteroids, 2010RX30 and 2010RF12, passed within the Moon's distance of Earth. The former passed at a distance of about 250,000 kilometres while the latter 79,000.

(9月4日) 紐西蘭南島發生 7.1 級地震，鄰近震央的基督城損毀嚴重。

(Sep 4) A magnitude 7.1 earthquake occurred near Darfield, Canterbury, New Zealand. Christchurch, which is in close proximity to the epicentre, suffered severe damages.

(10月21日) 強颱風鮎魚的外圍環流雨帶導致蘇花公路多處坍方，滑下山坡的巨石擊中一架沿蘇花公路行駛的旅遊巴，車上 21 人 (包括司機、導遊和 19 名珠海旅客) 很可能隨旅遊巴被沖落懸崖至太平洋。

(Oct 21) Severe typhoon Megi's circulation caused widespread rainfall in Taiwan. Rocks falling down from slopes hit a coach in Suhua highway, presumably sending the coach and all 21 people inside, comprising a driver, a tour guide and 19 tourists from Zhuhai, down the cliff and into the Pacific Ocean.

(10月28日) 受一股強烈東北季候風影響，今天天文台錄得最低氣溫 15.7 度，是自 1988 年以來 10 月最低氣溫。

(Oct 28) Affected by a strong surge of northeast monsoon, the Observatory recorded a minimum temperature of 15.7 degrees today, the lowest in October since 1988.