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2015 年天文、地理及氣象大事選舉


The Poll 關於是次選舉

This is the eighth annual "Astronomical, Geographic and Meteorological Events of the Year" election held by Hong Kong Weather Watch (HKWW). 39 astronomical, geographic and meteorological events during 2015 were selected and members of the public could cast their votes on up to 13 incidents (i.e. one-third) that, in their opinions, were the most significant. Apart from the 39 selected events, voters could also make use of the "Others" column to suggest some other events that were not on the list.

In addition to HKWW, eight other meteorological websites also participated in the election by including a link to the voting page in their sites. They include (in alphabetical order):

We would like to thank the above websites for their support in this event, and HKSON for creating the banner and shortlisting events for this election.

這是香港天氣觀測站第八年舉辦年度天文、地理及氣象大事選舉。我們於 2015 年發生的天文、地理及氣象事件中挑選出 39 件大事以供投選,而投票人士最多可選出 13 項 (即三份之一) 他們認為該年裡最重要的事件。除了已挑選出來的 39 項事件外,投票者亦可利用 "其他" 一欄來投選不在表中的事件。除本站外,還有 8 個與氣象相關的網站參與本選舉,它們均在站內放進投票頁的超連結。該 8 個網站分別為 (以英文字母排序) :

本站在此對上述參與網站致以謝意,亦感謝 HKSON 製作是次選舉所用的橫幅及挑選年度事件 [按此顯示橫幅意義]。

Voting Period 投票期

The voting period for this year (2015)'s election was shortened to 14 days; it commenced at 00:00 HKT on 1st January, 2016 and concluded at 23:59 HKT on 14th January, 2016.

2015 年天文、地理及氣象大事選舉的投票期縮短至 14 天,由 2016 年 1 月 1 日 香港時間 00:00 至 2016 年 1 月 14 日 香港時間 23:59。

The 39 Selected Events in This Year's Poll 本年所選出的 39 項事件

Please visit here for the events in chronological order.

請按這裡以瀏覽該 39 項事件 (按時間先後排序)。

Results of the Election 選舉結果

In this year's election, four votes went to the "Others" column, and is shown in a separate table below. 在本次選舉中,"其他" 一欄共佔四票,詳情請見下表。

Number of voters 投票人數 : 115
Total number of events selected1 總事件選擇數1: 1,156
Average number of events selected per person 人均事件選擇數 : 10.05

In the table below, events are listed in chronological order should ties occur. 在下表中,如某些事件名次得票相同,它們將以發生時間順序排列。

The 39 selected events listed in the voting page: 投票頁顯示之 39 件事件 : [Click here for bar chart (Chinese only) 按此顯示棒形圖]

The votes are distributed more evenly among the shortlisted events in this year's election. For the first time, two events tied for first place, namely effects due to Typhoon Soudelor and the lack of tropical cyclone warning signals in Hong Kong during the peak months August and September. Each event received only 62% or 71 votes, the lowest percentage among the 8 annual elections held. Meanwhile, Typhoon Linfa's impact was two votes short and was ranked third.

本年度大事選舉各項目所得票數較為平均,並首次出現兩件事件並列首位,它們分別是颱風蘇迪羅所帶來的影響及香港天文台並未於八、九月氣旋高峰期發出任何熱帶氣旋警告信號。兩者只獲得百分之 62 的票數即 71 票,是本選舉開辦八年來最低的。另外,颱風蓮花襲港之事件以兩票之差屈居第三。

Rank
名次
Event
事件
# of votes
票數
Percentage2
百分比2
1

8月8日: 颱風蘇迪羅登陸台灣,刷新當地多處風速紀錄,台灣及福建廣泛地區出現水浸及停電。受與其相關的下沉氣流影響,華南酷熱天氣加劇,香港天文台同日下午錄得最高氣溫 36.3 度,比舊紀錄高 0.2 度。

Aug 8: Typhoon Soudelor made landfall at Taiwan, leading to record-breaking wind speeds at various stations. There were also widespread flooding and power outage in Taiwan and Fujian. The hot weather in southern China was exacerbated by the subsidence associated with the storm; the HK Observatory reached 36.3 degrees that afternoon, breaking the maximum temperature record by 0.2 degrees.

71 61.74
(=1)

8至9月: 香港天文台於八月及九月期間並未發出任何熱帶氣旋警告信號,為 1946 年以來首次。

Aug-Sep: The HK Observatory did not issue any tropical cyclone warning signals during the months of August and September; this is the first such occurrence since 1946.

71 61.74
3

7月9日: 熱帶氣旋蓮花於廣東東部登陸後西進,香港天文台於當天下午發出八號烈風或暴風信號,可是蓮花登陸後減弱速度較快,本港風力遠比預期弱。

Jul 9: Tropical cyclone Linfa turned west after making landfall at eastern Guangdong. The HK Observatory issued the #8 Gale or Storm signal that afternoon, but winds turned out to be much lighter than expected as the storm weakened very quickly on land.

69 60.00
4

6至8及11月: 香港天文台於六月錄得平均氣溫 29.7 度,打破去年六月才創下當月最高平均氣溫 29.0 度的紀錄。香港七至八月的平均氣溫均較正常高,令本年夏季成為有史以來最炎熱的一個。月高溫紀錄其後於十一月再被打破 (24.0 度)。

Jun-Aug and Nov: The mean temperature of 29.7 degrees at the HK Observatory this June broke the monthly record of 29.0 degrees set just last June. Together with above-normal temperatures in July and August, the summer of 2015 is the hottest on record. The monthly mean temperature record was later broken again for November (24.0 degrees).

62 53.91
5

4、6及12月: 多個節日錄得高溫:4 月 5 日清明節香港天文台氣溫達 30.6 度,及 6 月 20 日端午節的 34.1 度均破節日紀錄;12 月 24 日的 24.7 度則是自 1890 年以來最暖的平安夜。

Apr, Jun and Dec: High temperatures at several festivals: The maximum air temperature of 30.6 degrees on April 5 (Ching Ming) and 34.1 degrees on June 20 (Tuen Ng) broke the respective records of the two festivals, while the 24.7 degrees recorded on December 24 made it the warmest Christmas Eve since 1890.

60 52.17
6

第一季: 熱帶氣旋強度破紀錄:1 月 30 日 Eunice 於西南印度洋增強為有紀錄以來該區最強的熱帶氣旋;2 月 10 日海高斯成為西北太平洋自 1970 年以來的最強二月颱風;3 月 31 日美莎克增強至相當於五級颶風強度,成為有史以來該區首季度最強的颱風。

First quarter: Various tropical cyclone intensity records were broken: Eunice intensified into the strongest cyclone ever observed in SW Indian Ocean on January 30; Higos became the strongest February typhoon since 1970 in the NW Pacific on February 10; Maysak intensified into a category 5-equivalent typhoon on March 31 and became the strongest typhoon in the first quarter on record.

54 46.96
(=6)

10月23日: 於東太平洋的颶風 Patricia 成為西半球史上最強烈的熱帶氣旋,其中心持續風速達每小時 325 公里,最低氣壓為 879 百帕斯卡,風暴其後登陸墨西哥時仍達五級颶風強度。

Oct 23: Hurricane Patricia in the Eastern Pacific became the strongest tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Western Hemisphere, with maximum sustained winds of 325 km/h and minimum pressure of 879 hPa. The storm later made landfall in Mexico still as a category 5 hurricane.

54 46.96
8

10月3日: 熱帶氣旋彩虹橫過南海並增強,香港天文台發出三號強風信號。彩虹以強颱風強度登陸湛江,是自 1949 年以來十月登陸廣東的最強風暴。

Oct 3: Tropical cyclone Mujigae crossed South China Sea while intensifying, prompting the HK Observatory to issue the #3 Strong Wind Signal. Mujigae made landfall at Zhanjiang as a severe typhoon and became the strongest cyclone to strike Guangdong in October since 1949.

51 44.35
9

6月20日: 香港天文台將熱帶氣旋路徑預報時效由三天延長至五天,以協助市民加強對熱帶氣旋來襲的準備。

Jun 20: The HK Observatory extended its tropical cyclone forecast track from three to five days ahead, as a measure to assist the public in enhancing preparation of approaching cyclones.

47 40.87
(=9)

12月12日: 2015 年聯合國氣候峰會的 195 個締約國通過《巴黎協議》,減少碳排放量。

Dec 12: Delegates from 195 countries of the 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference agreed on the Paris Agreement to reduce carbon dioxide emissions.

47 40.87
11

4月25日: 尼泊爾拉姆瓊縣發生 7.8 級地震,造成接近 9000 人死亡,地震觸發珠穆朗瑪峰雪崩,19 人喪命。5 月 12 日發生另一次 7.3 級餘震,亦造成超過 200 人死亡。

Apr 25: A 7.8-magnitude earthquake occurred near Lamjung, Nepal, killing about 9000. It triggered an avalanche on Mount Everest which killed 19. An aftershock of magnitude 7.3 followed on May 12, resulting in another 200 deaths.

43 37.39
12

1月19日: 珠三角地區多處出現雨幡洞現象,香港廣泛地區亦能看到。

Jan 19: The fallstreak hole phenomenon was generally visible within the Pearl River Delta region including Hong Kong.

40 34.78
13

5月26日: 一道低壓槽於華南徘徊,香港當天早上下起傾盆大雨,天文台發出黑色暴雨警告,共維持 65 分鐘。

May 26: A trough lingered around southern China and produced heavy rainfall within the territory. The HK Observatory issued the Black Rainstorm Warning that morning which lasted for 65 minutes.

38 33.04
(=13)

10月底至11月初: 阿拉伯海於一周內先後孕育出猛烈熱帶氣旋 Chapala 及 Megh,它們均吹襲也門及索馬里一帶,是有史以來首次。

Late Oct to early Nov: For the first time in recorded history, two major tropical cyclones Chapala and Megh developed in the Arabia Sea within a week, both affecting Yemen and Somalia.

38 33.04
15

3月13日: 氣旋 Pam 成為南半球最猛烈風暴之一,並橫掃瓦努阿圖,對當地造成重大破壞。

Mar 13: Cyclone Pam became one of the strongest storms ever observed in the southern hemisphere. It crossed Vanuatu and led to substantial damage in the island country.

37 32.17
(=15)

8月29日: 受厄爾尼諾現象影響,中東太平洋的熱帶氣旋活動頻繁,當天出現史上首次三個重大颶風 (Kilo, Ignacio 及 Jimena) 同時存在於該海域的情況。風暴 Oho 其後於 10 月 3 日形成,使本年成為中北太平洋最活躍的一年。

Aug 29: El Nino caused an increase in tropical cyclone activity in central and eastern Pacific. This is the first time in the historical record that three major hurricanes (Kilo, Ignacio and Jimena) existed simultaneously in these basins. Cyclone Oho later formed on October 3, making 2015 the most active year in the central north Pacific region.

37 32.17
(=15)

12月7日: 北京霧霾情況嚴重,懸浮粒子 PM2.5 濃度超過每立方米 180 微克,當局首次發佈最高級別的紅色空氣污染預警。

Dec 7: Serious smog conditions in Beijing saw the PM2.5 concentration soaring to more than 180 micrograms per cubic metre, prompting local agency to issue the pollution 'red alert' for the first time in history.

37 32.17
18

7月22日: 受活躍西南氣流影響,香港天氣不穩定,當天早上於交椅洲附近出現水龍捲。黃色暴雨警告生效近 12 小時,港島西半山一棵百年古樹倒塌。

Jul 22: An active southwesterly airstream resulted in unstable weather in Hong Kong and a waterspout was spotted near Kau Yi Chau that morning. The Amber Rainstorm Warning was in force for almost 12 hours, during which a 100-year-old tree in the Mid-Levels on Hong Kong Island collapsed.

29 25.22
19

7月23日: 美國太空總署宣布發現太陽系外行星開普勒 452-b,為首個可能繞近似太陽的恆星之宜居帶上公轉的超級地球。

Jul 23: NASA announced the discovery of Kepler-452b, the first potential Super-Earth exoplanet orbiting the habitable zone of a Sun-like star.

26 22.61
(=19)

10月8日: 香港天文台位於大老山的新天氣雷達正式啟用,取代已服務 20 多年的本港首部多普勒天氣雷達。同日天文台將 64 公里雷達圖像的更新頻率加密至每 6 分鐘一次。

Oct 8: The HK's Observatory new weather radar at Tate's Cairn was officially commissioned, replacing the previous one that had served for more than 20 years and was HK's first Doppler weather radar. The Observatory also increased the update frequency of its 64-km range randar image to once every 6 minutes.

26 22.61
21

7月7日: 於較早時發射的日本氣象衛星向日葵 8 號正式投入服務,而舊有衛星 MTSAT-1R 則於 12 月 4 日完成使命。

Jul 7: Japanese weather satellite Himawari-8 launched earlier entered operational service; its predecessor MTSAT-1R was decommissioned on December 4.

25 21.74
(=21)

7月14日: 美國太空船新視野號飛越冥王星及其衛星,成為第一艘探索冥王星的太空船。

Jul 14: NASA's spacecraft New Horizons completed a historic flyby of the dwarf planet Pluto and its moons.

25 21.74
23

9月28日: 美國太空總署收集從火星偵察軌道器得到的數據,推斷現時火星表面間歇性有液態水流動。

Sep 28: NASA stated that new findings from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter provided the strongest evidence yet that liquid water flows intermittently on present-day Mars.

21 18.26
24

1月22日: 因應核武的進一步發展及各國缺乏行動應對全球暖化,末日鐘被調快兩分鐘,使其距離午夜只餘三分鐘。

Jan 22: The Doomsday Clock moved two minutes forward, to only three minutes from midnight in response to the modernization of nuclear weapons and lack of action to combat climate change.

20 17.39
25

9月28日: 時值中秋節,一次月全食於美、歐、非三洲上演。適逢月球處於近地點,令月球視直徑比平均長約百分之 7。

Sep 28: A total lunar eclipse took place on Mid-Autumn Festival, and was visible in the Americas, Europe and Africa. The moon was at its closest point to the Earth which magnified its apparent diameter by around 7% compared to the average.

13 11.30
26

9月24日: 廣東汕尾發生一次 3.8 級地震,於香港有感,估計烈度為修訂麥加利地震烈度表的第 IV 度。

Sep 24: A 3.8-magnitude earthquake occurred near Shanwei, Guangdong, and was felt in Hong Kong. It was estimated to be of intensity IV on the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale.

12 10.43
(=26)

10月18日: 颱風巨爵侵襲菲律賓,用了三天時間圍繞呂宋西北部移動,與其相關的風雨共造成最少 58 人死亡,經濟損失達 110 億披索。

Oct 18: Typhoon Koppu battered the Philippines. It took three days to round northwestern Luzon, killing at least 58 and inflicting economical damage of 11 billion pesos.

12 10.43
28

5月: 印度受熱浪侵襲,多處高溫超過 45 度,造成超過 2500 人死亡。

May: An Indian heat wave claimed over 2500 lives in the country, with many places reaching temperatures in excess of 45 degrees.

11 9.57
29

7月1日: 歐洲受熱浪侵襲,英國倫敦希斯路機場錄得破紀錄的 36.7 度高溫,法國巴黎及西班牙馬德里氣溫更達接近 40 度。

Jul 1: A heat wave swept across Europe, with the mercury at Heathrow Airport in London, UK reaching a record-breaking 36.7 degrees. Temperatures at Paris, France and Madrid, Spain were nearly 40 degrees.

10 8.70
(=29)

9月16日: 智利伊亞佩爾發生 8.3 級地震,造成 14 人死亡,數千人無家可歸。

Sep 16: An 8.3-magnitude earthquake occurred near Illapel, Chile, killing 14 and rendered thousands homeless.

10 8.70
(=29)

12月22日: 美國太空探索科技公司將獵鷹 9 號運載火箭發射升空並成功於卡納維拉爾角空軍基地回收其第一級火箭,開創歷史先河。

Dec 22: American aerospace company SpaceX made history by sending a Falcon 9 rocket into space and landing the first stage back on the ground at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

10 8.70
32

4月30日: 美國太空船信使號完成其使命,燃料用盡後撞落水星表面。

Apr 30: After completing its mission, the US spacecraft MESSENGER used up its fuel and crashed on Mercury's surface.

9 7.83
(=32)

6月21日: 熱帶氣旋鯨魚靠近海南,香港天文台發出本年首個一號戒備信號,期間本港有狂風驟雨。

Jun 21: As tropical cyclone Kujira neared Hainan, the HK Observatory issued the first #1 Standby Signal of the year. Locally, there were some squally thunderstorms and showers.

9 7.83
34

2月20日: 氣旋 Lam 及 Marcia 於同日分別登陸澳洲北及東北部,兩者登陸前皆達澳洲氣象局的四級氣旋強度。

Feb 20: Cyclones Lam and Marcia made landfall on the same day at northern and northeastern Australia respectively, both reaching category 4 on the Australian scale.

8 6.96
35

9月: 由印尼山火引發的霧霾天氣擴散到新加坡、馬來西亞、菲律賓及越南等東南亞國家。

Sep: Haze from forest fires in Indonesia spread to other southeast Asian countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam.

5 4.35
(=35)

12月7日: 日本的破曉號金星探測器進入金星軌道,是該國首次成功令太空探測器進入其他行星的軌道。

Dec 7: Japanese space probe Akatsuki successfully entered the Venusian orbit, making it the first successful planetary exploration mission of the country.

5 4.35
37

1月14日: 非洲東南部受洪澇侵襲,於馬拉維、莫桑比克及馬達加斯加等國造成超過 225 人死亡,數十萬人受災。

Jan 14: Floods in southeastern Africa claimed more than 225 lives in Malawi, Mozambique and Madagascar. Hundreds of thousands of people were displaced as a result.

4 3.48
(=37)

3月20日: 北歐於春分之日出現一次日全食,於法羅群島及斯瓦巴可見。

Mar 20: A total solar eclipse took place and was visible in Faroe Islands and Svalbard; this coincided with the date of vernal equinox.

4 3.48
39

5月24日: 美國德州與奧克拉荷馬州受洪水及龍捲風夾擊,合共數十人在這連串惡劣天氣中喪生。

May 24: The US states of Texas and Oklahoma were struck by flash floods and tornadoes, claiming the lives of several dozen people in the region.

2 1.74

Vote(s) for "Others" column: "其他" 欄所填寫之項目

Event3
事件
3
# of votes
票數

12月9日: 一高空擾動影響華南沿岸,香港普遍地區錄得超過 40 毫米雨量。

Dec 9: An upper-air disturbance affected southern China coastal areas; more than 40 millimetres of rainfall were generally recorded over Hong Kong.

1

12月31日: 熱帶低氣壓 09C 於中北太平洋生成,令 2015 成為該洋面颶風季最遲完結的一年。

Dec 31: Tropical depression 09C developed in central north Pacific, making 2015 the year with the latest end of the hurricane season in that basin.

1

2015年: 本年西北太平洋每月皆有熱帶風暴生成,是有紀錄以來首次。

2015: At least one tropical storm formed over northwestern Pacific every month this year; this is the first such occurrence since records began.

1

2015年: 本年是香港有紀錄以來最溫暖的一年,天文台平均氣溫為 24.2 度,較 1981-2010 年氣候平均值高 0.9 度。

2015: This year is the warmest on record in Hong Kong. The average temperature at the HK Observatory was 24.2 degrees, 0.9 degrees warmer than the 1981-2010 climatological average.

1

Notes 備註 :

1Each person can vote once on up to 13 events. Votes in "Others" category have been included. 每人可投票一次,最多投選 13 項事件。投選 "其他" 一欄的票數已計算在內。
2Percentage of total voters. 佔總投票人數的百分比。
3Wordings may be changed to facilitate reading, but the meaning stays the same. Invalid statements, statements whose validity is unknown and those not interpretable are indicated with a question mark. 為方便閱讀,字眼稍作更改,但意義不變。不正確 / 準確度不明 / 未能理解的描述以問號標示。

Resources for the Top Three Events 首三名事件有關資源

Here we provide links to the resources related to the top three events in this election. 在這裡我們提供有關選舉中獲得首三名的事件之資料。

[Rank #1 第一位] Typhoon SOUDELOR batters Taiwan; record-breaking temperature in Hong Kong | 颱風蘇迪羅侵襲台灣;香港錄得破紀錄溫度
[(Tied) Rank #1 並列第一位] No tropical cyclone necessitates TC signals in Hong Kong during August and September | 香港天文台於八、九月並未發出熱帶氣旋警告信號
[Rank #3 第三位] Typhoon LINFA impacts southern China | 颱風蓮花登陸華南

Finally, we would like to thank all voters for their participation, who together contributed to its success. See you next year!

最後,我們在此對所有投票人士致謝,令本選舉得以圓滿完成。明年再見!

Image Acknowledgement 相片來源

The following lists the sources of images used in our banner for the election. They are (from left to right):

本年選舉橫幅採用了以下圖片 (由左至右):

Last Accessed 最近訪問日期: Tue Mar 19 2024 18:23:04 HKT
Last Modified 最近修訂日期: Mon Jul 24 2023