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TC Watch / 熱帶氣旋 > Selected TC Review / 重要熱帶氣旋回顧 > 202404W (PRAPIROON 派比安) [Refresh 更新]

202404W (PRAPIROON 派比安) - Profile 檔案

(First draft issued on July 27, 2024)
(初稿於 2024 年 7 月 27 日發出)

Brief profile of PRAPIROON | 派比安小檔案:

^Refers to the period between the HK Observatory's first and last bulletins for the tropical cyclone (with at least tropical depression intensity). For storms formed/dissipated/transformed into an extratropical cyclone outside the area bounded by 7-36°N and 100-140°E, information from the JTWC will be used instead.
^即香港天文台為該熱帶氣旋（熱帶低氣壓級或更高）作出發佈的時期。至於在北緯 7 至 36 度、東經 100 至 140 度外形成／消散／轉化為溫帶氣旋的風暴，本網將參考聯合颱風警報中心的資料。

TC signals in Hong Kong* 香港曾經生效的熱帶氣旋警告*:

Signal 信號	Date and time 日期和時間	Distance from HK 與香港的距離	Predicted movement 預測移動趨勢	Max. 10-min winds 中心最高十分鐘平均風速
	2024/07/20 (SAT) 22:40 HKT	SSW 690 km	NW at 14 km/h	55 km/h (30 knots, TD)
	2024/07/22 (MON) 12:20 HKT	WSW 610 km	NW at 10 km/h	85 km/h (45 knots, TS)

*Based on the information from real-time tropical cyclone warning bulletins.
*根據實時熱帶氣旋警報資料。

Percentile Ranks 百分等級:

IR imagery animation 紅外線雲圖動畫:

TC track from HKWW 本站的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:

TC track(s) from HKO 天文台的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:

TBA 稍後公佈

Past HKWW Bulletins 本站發佈

Please click here for bulletins on this tropical cyclone. 請按這裡。

Storm Development Overview 風暴發展概覽

Unless otherwise stated, all times below are in Hong Kong Standard Time (UTC+8)
除非特別註明，下文時間均為香港標準時間（協調世界時加 8 小時）

Tropical disturbance 91W formed near the Philippines in mid-July. It moved into central South China Sea on July 19 and started to develop. The JTWC issued a tropical cyclone formation alert that afternoon. Around the same time, the JMA issued a gale warning for the system, while both the NMC and HKO upgraded 91W into a tropical depression.

91W was expected to move west-northwest initially along the southwestern periphery of the subtropical ridge. However, an equatorial ridge would then develop to the south of the system, leading to a gradual deceleration and turn to the north-northwest towards Hainan Island.

The JTWC upgraded 91W into tropical depression 04W in the morning of July 20. The system remained rather disorganized and its convections were sheared to the west. 04W moved west later that day and early on July 21, but slowed down considerably in the morning and started to turn north. Convections near the centre of 04W were also seen developing. The JMA upgraded 04W into tropical storm status near noon, naming it PRAPIROON.

PRAPIROON was then under the steering influence of both the equatorial ridge to the south and the subtropical ridge to the northeast. It picked up speed and turned northwest in the night of July 21. The storm also became more compact and intensified prior to landfall. According to the NMC, PRAPIROON made landfall near Wanning, Hainan at around 1:30 am July 22 as a severe tropical storm.

PRAPIROON crossed Hainan in the next couple of hours, and entered the Gulf of Tonkin in the morning of July 22. It only weakened slightly while crossing the island, and strengthened again as it crossed warm seas. Having downgraded PRAPIROON into a tropical storm, the NMC upgraded it again into severe tropical storm status. The JMA and HKO also made the upgrade, while the JTWC estimated PRAPIROON's intensity to be 60 knots (111 km/h) that night, close to the threshold of typhoon intensity.

Still largely moving northwest, PRAPIROON made its final landfall near the China-Vietnam border in the morning of July 23. Vertical wind shear strengthened at that time, and the storm lost its convections gradually due to the shear and friction on land. It weakened into an area of low pressure that night.

7 月中旬，熱帶擾動 91W 於菲律賓一帶形成。它於 19 日移入南海中部並開始發展。聯合颱風警報中心於當天下午發出熱帶氣旋形成警報。差不多同一時間，日本氣象廳發出烈風警告，而中國中央氣象台及香港天文台均將 91W 升格為熱帶低氣壓。

當時預測 91W 初時將沿副熱帶高壓脊西南部向西北偏西移動。但是，隨著一道赤道高壓脊於系統以南發展，91W 將逐漸減速並轉向西北偏北移動，趨向海南島一帶。

聯合颱風警報中心於 7 月 20 日上午將 91W 升格為熱帶低氣壓 04W，當時系統仍然頗為鬆散，其對流被切離至西方。04W 於當天較後時間及 21 日初時大致向偏西移動，但早上明顯減速並開始北轉。04W 近中心對流有所發展，日本氣象廳於接近正午時份將 04W 升格為熱帶風暴，命名為派比安。

派比安當時受南方赤道高壓脊及東北方副熱帶高壓脊的影響。它於 7 月 21 日晚上加速並轉向西北移動，登陸前風暴有所增強，環流漸趨緊密。中央氣象台表示派比安於 22 日上午約 1 時 30 分以強烈熱帶風暴級別登陸海南萬寧一帶。

派比安於其後數小時間橫過海南，並於 7 月 22 日早上進入北部灣。風暴橫過海南島時只輕微減弱，並於進入溫暖海域後再度增強。中央氣象台曾於派比安登陸時將其降格為熱帶風暴，但入海後重新升格為強烈熱帶風暴。日本氣象廳及香港天文台亦作出升格，而聯合颱風警報中心則於當晚估計派比安強度達 60 節 (每小時 111 公里)，接近颱風下限強度。

派比安繼續大致向西北移動，並於 7 月 23 日早上登陸中越邊境一帶。隨著垂直風切變水平上升及受陸地摩擦影響，派比安的對流逐漸減少，風暴當晚減弱為低壓區。

Weather in Hong Kong During Approach 風暴影響時香港天氣狀況

Link to relevant HKO weather report bulletins: 20/7 ● 21/7 ● 22/7
香港天文台相關天氣報告連結： 20/7 ● 21/7 ● 22/7

Showers were affecting Hong Kong prior to PRAPIROON's approach. On July 19, the HKO suggested that an area of low pressure would intensify into a tropical depression and come to within 800 km of Hong Kong the next day, and that it would consider issuing the #1 Standby Signal in the afternoon or nighttime of July 20. The timing was made more explicit in the afternoon of July 20, and the #1 Signal was eventually issued at 10:40 pm that day, when PRAPIROON was about 690 km south-southwest of Hong Kong.

Over most of July 21, the HKO maintained that an assessment would be made as to whether higher signals were necessary that night. However, at about 9 pm, the HKO suggested that PRAPIROON would skirt more than 500 km to the southwest of Hong Kong, and that higher signals would unlikely be needed unless PRAPIROON intensified significantly.

The #1 Standby Signal was cancelled at 12:20 pm July 22. By that time, PRAPIROON had already entered the Gulf of Tonkin, and was about 610 km west-southwest of Hong Kong.

During PRAPIROON's approach, the local weather was unstable with a few squally showers. Sustained strong winds were briefly recorded at Chek Lap Kok and Cheung Chau, two of the eight reference stations, on July 21. The weather improved on July 22, and very hot weather returned as Hong Kong became under the influence of the subsidence of tropical cyclone GAEMI.

派比安靠近前，香港受驟雨影響。7 月 19 日，香港天文台表示一個低壓區會增強為熱帶低氣壓，並於翌日進入香港 800 公里範圍，將考慮於 20 日下午至晚間發出一號戒備信號。至 20 日，天文台將發出信號的時間帶收窄，最終於下午 10 時 40 分發出，當時派比安位於香港西南偏南約 690 公里。

天文台於 7 月 21 日大部份時間表示會評估是否需要於當晚改發更高信號。但是，當日下午約 9 時，天文台指派比安會於本港西南方 500 公里外掠過，除非派比安顯著增強，否則改發更高信號的機會甚低。

一號戒備信號於 7 月 22 日下午 12 時 20 分取消，當時派比安已經進入北部灣，位於香港西南偏西約 610 公里。

派比安靠近期間，本港天氣不穩定並有幾陣驟雨。八個參考氣象站中，長洲及赤鱲角於 7 月 21 日短暫錄得持續強風。22 日天氣改善，隨後受熱帶氣旋格美的下沉氣流影響，本港天氣酷熱。

Image Gallery 圖片庫

Figure 1 - HKO's initial forecast track map at 2 pm July 19
圖 1 - 7 月 19 日下午 2 時香港天文台之初始預測路徑圖

Figure 2 - Numerical model forecasts at 8 am July 20
圖 2 - 7 月 20 日上午 8 時之數值模式預報

Figure 3 - Satellite image of PRAPIROON (in South China Sea) at 10 pm July 20. Another tropical cyclone, GAEMI, was located east of the Philippines.
圖 3 - 7 月 20 日下午 10 時派比安（位於南海）之衛星雲圖；位於菲律賓以東的熱帶氣旋為格美

Figure 4 - Steering flow chart at 8 am July 21
圖 4 - 7 月 21 日上午 8 時之駛流場分佈圖

Figure 5 - Forecast tracks from various official agencies at 2 pm July 21
圖 5 - 7 月 21 日下午 2 時各官方氣象台之預測路徑圖

Figure 6 - Wind field analysis at 10:50 am July 22 (combined from two images)
圖 6 - 7 月 22 日上午 10 時 50 分之風場掃描圖（合併自兩幅圖片）

Figure 7 - Satellite image of PRAPIROON traversing the Gulf of Tonkin
圖 7 - 派比安橫過北部灣時之衛星雲圖

Winds Recorded at Reference Stations 參考站所錄得的風速

The following table lists the maximum 10-minute average (sustained) wind speed recorded while tropical cyclone signals were in force. In some occasions, it is possible that the strongest winds were not recorded when the highest signal was in force.

下表列出各站於熱帶氣旋警告信號生效時所錄得的最高 10 分鐘平均（持續）風速，留意此風速不一定於最高信號生效期間錄得。

*The anemometer at Chek Lap Kok was relocated to the new North Runway (third runway) on March 25, 2024. [HKO announcement]
*赤鱲角的風速計自 2024 年 3 月 25 日起遷移至新北跑道（第三跑道）。[香港天文台相關公佈]

Charts and Figures 各項數據

Table 1: Track data from HKWW:
表一 : 香港天氣觀測站之路徑資料

Table 2: Maximum gust and hourly average wind speed recorded in Hong Kong from HKO:
表二 : 香港天文台公佈的各站最高每小時平均風力和陣風數據 (英文)

Table 3: Rainfall (in millimetres) contributed by PRAPIROON from HKO (figures in brackets are based on incomplete hourly data):
表三 : 香港天文台公佈的各站雨量資料 (英文) (方括號內之數據由不完整之每小時資料擷取)

TBA 稍後公佈

Last Accessed 最近訪問日期: Tue Dec 03 2024 20:19:23 HKT
Last Modified 最近修訂日期: Sat Jul 27 2024