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TC Watch / 熱帶氣旋 > Selected TC Review / 重要熱帶氣旋回顧 > 202524W (RAGASA 樺加沙) [Refresh 更新]

202524W (RAGASA 樺加沙) - Profile 檔案

(First draft issued on November 1, 2025, final version issued on April 18, 2026)
(初稿於 2025 年 11 月 1 日發出，最後版本於 2026 年 4 月 18 日上載)

Brief profile of RAGASA | 樺加沙小檔案:

^Refers to the period between the HK Observatory's first and last bulletins for the tropical cyclone (with at least tropical depression intensity). For storms formed/dissipated/transformed into an extratropical cyclone outside the area bounded by 7-36°N and 100-140°E, information from the JTWC will be used instead.
^即香港天文台為該熱帶氣旋（熱帶低氣壓級或更高）作出發佈的時期。至於在北緯 7 至 36 度、東經 100 至 140 度外形成／消散／轉化為溫帶氣旋的風暴，本網將參考聯合颱風警報中心的資料。

TC signals in Hong Kong* 香港曾經生效的熱帶氣旋警告*:

Signal 信號	Date and time 日期和時間	Distance from HK 與香港的距離	Predicted movement 預測移動趨勢	Max. 10-min winds 中心最高十分鐘平均風速
	2025/09/22 (MON) 12:20 HKT	ESE 890 km	W/WNW at 22 km/h	230 km/h (125 knots, SuT)
	2025/09/22 (MON) 21:40 HKT	ESE 680 km	W/WNW at 22 km/h	230 km/h (125 knots, SuT)
	2025/09/23 (TUE) 14:20 HKT	SE 380 km	WNW at 22 km/h	220 km/h (120 knots, SuT)
	2025/09/24 (WED) 01:40 HKT	SSE 150 km	WNW at 22 km/h	195 km/h (105 knots, SuT)
	2025/09/24 (WED) 02:40 HKT	SSE 130 km	WNW at 22 km/h	195 km/h (105 knots, SuT)
	2025/09/24 (WED) 13:20 HKT	SW 170 km	W/WNW at 22 km/h	185 km/h (100 knots, SuT)
	2025/09/24 (WED) 20:20 HKT	WSW 300 km	W at 22 km/h	155 km/h (85 knots, ST)
	2025/09/25 (THU) 08:20 HKT	W 540 km	W at 18 km/h	75 km/h (40 knots, TS)
	2025/09/25 (THU) 11:20 HKT**	W 590 km	W at 18 km/h	65 km/h (35 knots, TS)

*Based on the information from real-time tropical cyclone warning bulletins.
*根據實時熱帶氣旋警報資料。

**The Strong Monsoon Signal was issued at 11:21 HKT.
**強烈季候風信號於上午 11 時 21 分發出。

Percentile Ranks 百分等級:

IR imagery animation 紅外線雲圖動畫:

Radar animations 雷達圖動畫:

256-km range 256 公里範圍

128-km range 128 公里範圍

TC track from HKWW 本站的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:

TC track(s) from HKO 天文台的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:

Past HKWW Bulletins 本站發佈

Please click here for bulletins on this tropical cyclone. 請按這裡。

Storm Development Overview 風暴發展概覽

Unless otherwise stated, all times below are in Hong Kong Standard Time (UTC+8)
除非特別註明，下文時間均為香港標準時間（協調世界時加 8 小時）

Days before the formation of RAGASA, AI-based forecast models such as Google DeepMind FNV3 had already suggested that a strong tropical cyclone might enter the South China Sea and approach southern China. Tropical disturbance 90W, which would later become RAGASA, formed in the northwest Pacific Ocean east of the Philippines on September 16. The disturbance moved west on September 17 but did not show signs of development. The JMA issued a gale warning for the system at 8 am that day.

90W's convections expanded on September 18. The HKO upgraded 90W into a tropical depression at 2 am, while the JTWC issued a tropical cyclone formation alert at 2 pm the same day. At 8 pm, the JMA upgraded 90W into a tropical storm and named it RAGASA. The JTWC also upgraded it into tropical depression 24W.

RAGASA was expected to move west-northwest followed by a northwestward turn due to a strengthening of the ridge to the east of it. However, it would later turn back to the west-northwest, as the northern ridge would then assume dominance. Excellent atmospheric conditions along its track would also mean that RAGASA would likely intensify into a violent typhoon a few days later.

Due to the presence of drier air, convections in RAGASA's northern semicircle were relatively sparse. On September 19, RAGASA's core convections strengthened and expanded, gradually covering its northern side. It intensified into a severe tropical storm that night. At the same time, the storm decelerated in response to a weakening of the steering flow. RAGASA picked up speed again in the morning of September 20 and started to move northwest. It began a period of rapid intensification in the afternoon and night; various agencies upgraded RAGASA into a typhoon or severe typhoon. RAGASA's eye turned clear and its eyewall deepened in the daytime of September 21. The HKO and NMC upgraded RAGASA into a super typhoon at 2 am and 8 am, respectively. The JMA revised RAGASA's intensity upwards from 85 knots (157 km/h) at 8 am to 100 knots (185 km/h) at 2 pm, while the JTWC's estimated intensity at 2 pm was 140 knots (259 km/h) - a doubling of the wind speed from a day ago. RAGASA thus became the first tropical cyclone in the northwest Pacific to reach category 5 strength this year. An unofficial pressure reading of 900.3 hPa was recorded by a buoy some 400 km east of northern Luzon at 4 pm that day. The estimated intensity was further raised to 145 knots (269 km/h) by the JTWC at 8 pm that night, and to 230 km/h by the HKO at 2 am September 22.

RAGASA generally moved west-northwest during September 21 and began to turn west on September 22 as it moved across the Luzon Strait. It underwent an eyewall replacement cycle overnight and its eye enlarged at the conclusion of the cycle. RAGASA's eye passed through the Babuyan Islands in the afternoon. Although RAGASA largely avoided significant landmass, the interaction of its southern eyewall with the Luzon terrain caused the storm to weaken at night. The JTWC adjusted RAGASA's intensity downwards to a category 4-equivalent super typhoon at 8 pm.

Another eyewall replacement cycle began in the night of September 22 as RAGASA moved into the South China Sea. Although RAGASA's eyewall was not as sturdy as it was before crossing the Luzon Strait, its rather large eye remained clear and its eyewall cloud top temperatures were still quite low. RAGASA decelerated temporarily in the small hours of September 23; it turned west-northwest towards dawn and began to pick up speed again. Dropsonde measurements by the HK Government Flying Service in the morning revealed the presence of hurricane force winds reaching 135 km/h at a distance of 120 km northwest of RAGASA's centre. Following this discovery, the HKO increased RAGASA's hurricane force wind radius estimate from 60 NM (111 km) to 75 NM (139 km) in the Tropical Cyclone Warning For Shipping bulletin issued at 12:30 pm.

As RAGASA gained latitude, its northern semicircle got closer to land and its structure deteriorated. A double eyewall feature was again present in the night of September 23, and agencies generally adjusted their estimated intensities downwards to near the lower bound of super typhoon strength (185 km/h). RAGASA turned west in the small hours of September 24 with an occasional northward jog in the morning. It passed just south of Shangchuan Dao near 1 pm. A maximum gust of 65.1 m/s (234 km/h) was recorded there at 12:55 pm, breaking the maximum gust record in Guangdong. According to the NMC, RAGASA made landfall near Hailing Island in Yangjiang, Guangdong at about 5 pm. By that time, it had weakened into a typhoon with winds of up to 40 m/s (144 km/h) near its centre.

Upon making landfall, RAGASA stayed close to the coast and moved into the Gulf of Tonkin in the small hours of September 25 after crossing the northern part of the Leizhou Peninsula. The storm's deep convections dissipated gradually, and it made a final landfall near Fangchenggang, Guangxi at around noon as a tropical storm. RAGASA moved west towards the China-Vietnam border that night, and gradually weakened into an area of low pressure.

樺加沙形成前多日，人工智能預測模式如 Google Deepmind FNV3 已顯示一股強勁的熱帶氣旋可能進入南海並靠近華南。熱帶擾動 90W，即樺加沙的前身，於 9 月 16 日在菲律賓以東的西北太平洋形成。該擾動於 17 日西移，但並無跡象發展。日本氣象廳於當日上午 8 時對其發出烈風警告。

90W 的對流於 9 月 18 日擴展，天文台於上午 2 時將其升格為熱帶低氣壓，而聯合颱風警報中心於同日下午 2 時發出熱帶氣旋形成警報。下午 8 時，日本氣象廳將 90W 升格為熱帶風暴，命名為樺加沙，而聯合颱風警報中心亦將其升格為熱帶低氣壓 24W。

當時預期樺加沙會向西北偏西移動，而由於其東方的高壓脊將增強，樺加沙稍後將向西北移動。但是，風暴北面的脊場其後將成為主導，令樺加沙再次轉向西北偏西。樺加沙沿途大氣環境極佳，預料將於數天後增強為一股強勁的颱風。

受乾空氣影響，樺加沙北半圓的對流較為稀疏。9 月 19 日，樺加沙的核心對流增強並有所擴展，逐漸覆蓋風暴北方，它於當晚增強為強烈熱帶風暴。與此同時，由於流場減弱，風暴前進速度有所下降。樺加沙於 20 日再度加速並轉向西北，並於下午及晚間快速增強，多個氣象機構將其升格為颱風或強颱風。21 日日間，樺加沙的風眼清空，其眼牆變得深厚，香港天文台及中央氣象台分別於上午 2 時及 8 時將樺加沙升格為超強颱風。日本氣象廳將樺加沙的強度由上午 8 時的 85 節（每小時 157 公里）上調至下午 2 時的 100 節（每小時 185 公里），而聯合颱風警報中心下午 2 時對樺加沙的強度估計為 140 節（每小時 259 公里），是一天前的雙倍。樺加沙遂成為本年西北太平洋上首個達到五級超級颱風強度的熱帶氣旋。當日下午 4 時，位於呂宋北部以東 400 多公里的一個浮標錄得 900.3 百帕的非官方氣壓讀數。下午 8 時，聯合颱風警報中心將樺加沙的強度進一步上調至 145 節（每小時 269 公里），而香港天文台則於 22 日上午 2 時將強度上調至每小時 230 公里。

樺加沙於 9 月 21 日大致向西北偏西移動。它於 22 日橫過呂宋海峽，移向轉為偏西。樺加沙凌晨進入眼牆置換週期，完成時其風眼有所擴大。樺加沙的風眼於下午橫過巴布延群島；雖然它大致避開大片陸地，但其南部眼牆仍然受呂宋地形影響，當晚風暴有所減弱。聯合颱風警報中心於下午 8 時將其風力下調至相當於四級超強颱風強度。

樺加沙於 9 月 22 日晚間進入南海，風暴再度進入眼牆置換週期。雖然樺加沙的風眼已沒有像橫過呂宋海峽前般紮實，但它仍然清晰，眼牆雲頂溫度頗低。樺加沙於 23 日凌晨短暫減速，並於破曉時份轉向西北偏西移動，其後再次加速。日間，香港飛行服務隊的下投式探空儀於樺加沙中心西北方約 120 公里處錄得每小時 135 公里的颶風風力。因此，天文台於下午 12 時 30 分發佈的「為船舶提供的熱帶氣旋警告」中，將樺加沙的颶風圈半徑由 60 海浬（111 公里）上調至 75 海浬（139 公里）。

隨著樺加沙的緯度漸增，它的北半圓逐漸靠近陸地，其結構開始轉差。9 月 23 日晚上，樺加沙再次出現雙重眼壁結構，各機構將風暴估計強度下調至接近超強颱風下限水平（每小時 185 公里）。樺加沙於 24 日西轉，早上間中有所北跳。它於下午 1 時於上川島以南不遠處掠過。當地政府指，上川島國家氣象站於下午 12 時 55 分曾錄得最高陣風每秒 65.1 米（每小時 234 公里），打破廣東省最高陣風紀錄。而根據中央氣象台公佈，樺加沙於下午 5 時左右登陸廣東陽江近海陵島一帶，此時它已經減弱為颱風，近中心風力達每秒 40 米（每小時 144 公里）。

登陸後，樺加沙沿岸邊移動，橫過雷州半島北部並於 9 月 25 日凌晨進入北部灣。風暴的深層對流逐漸消散，並於正午時份以熱帶風暴強度登陸廣西防城港一帶。樺加沙當晚西移至中越邊境附近，並逐漸減弱為低壓區。

Weather in Hong Kong During Approach 風暴影響時香港天氣狀況

Link to relevant HKO weather report bulletins: 22/9 ● 23/9 ● 24/9 ● 25/9
香港天文台相關天氣報告連結： 22/9 ● 23/9 ● 24/9 ● 25/9

Preparations for RAGASA's approach

The HK Observatory published a blog post on three potential low pressure systems in the northwest Pacific Ocean on September 12, where it was mentioned that the third of these systems (which would later become RAGASA) might move towards Taiwan and the Luzon Strait at a rather high intensity according to numerical model forecasts. Days before RAGASA entered the South China Sea, there were widespread news reports of the impending typhoon. On September 17, the 9-day weather forecast issued by the Observatory suggested that winds of up to force 8 were to be observed in offshore areas and on high ground on September 24. This estimate was revised upwards gradually; on September 21, the Observatory predicted that storm force winds of force 9 to 10 would affect the territory on September 24, and up to force 12 (hurricane force) in offshore areas and on high ground.

In the afternoon of September 19, the Observatory issued a special weather tip where it was mentioned that RAGASA could intensify into a super typhoon and enter the South China Sea, and that the local weather would deteriorate with the occurrence of rather significant storm surge which could cause flooding in coastal areas. On September 20, the Observatory further mentioned that the storm surge produced by RAGASA could lead to extremely high coastal sea levels similar to those observed during the approaches of HATO in 2017 and MANGKHUT in 2018.

A steering committee on handling extreme weather was held by the government on September 21 to coordinate precautionary measures ahead of the inclement weather. At around 4:30 pm, the Observatory announced that the #1 Standby Signal would be issued near noon the next day. In light of the arriving storm, the Hong Kong Jockey Club cancelled the race meeting scheduled for the night of September 24, and postponed the Mark Six draw in the night of September 23 to September 25. Cargo terminal companies also announced that the handling of all cargoes, empty or laden, would be suspended from noon September 23.

On September 22, the Education Bureau announced the suspension of classes of all schools on September 23 and 24. News emerged regarding the suspension of all flights at the Hong Kong International Airport between 6 pm September 23 and 6 am September 25. The #1 Standby Signal was issued at 12:20 pm September 22, when RAGASA was about 890 km east-southeast of Hong Kong. This was the third farthest in terms of the distance of a tropical cyclone from Hong Kong when a tropical cyclone signal was issued, after 1110 km for MANGKHUT in 2018 and 930 km for CARLA in 1967. The Observatory mentioned that the #3 Strong Wind Signal would be issued at 9:40 pm, and the #8 Gale or Storm Signal would be considered between 1 pm and 4 pm September 23.

Signal upgrade and increase in wind speeds

Citizens began to make preparations for the typhoon. Fresh food was sold for much higher prices than normal on September 22, and was sold out in some wet markets and supermarkets. Floodgates were installed and sandbag walls were constructed at low-lying areas to mitigate the impact of the storm surge. Due to the subsidence associated with RAGASA, the weather was mainly fine on September 22 with sunny periods. Temperatures rose to above 33 degrees over many parts of the territory. RAGASA had moved to about 680 km east-southeast of Hong Kong by the time the #3 Strong Wind Signal was issued. With the exception of Sha Chau where strong winds were occasionally observed, local winds generally remained light to moderate in the rest of the day. At the time of the signal change, the Observatory announced that the #8 Gale or Storm Signal would be issued at 2:20 pm September 23 - more than 16 hours later.

At 1 am September 23, the Observatory updated its aerodome forecast which predicted winds of 65 knots (120 km/h) to affect the airport between 5 am and 7 am September 24, reaching 70 knots (130 km/h) temporarily. This means that the Observatory expected hurricane force winds to be observed at the airport, surpassing the storm force winds of 115 km/h recorded during MANGKHUT's approach. Due to the advance notice of the #8 Signal, many employees either worked from home on September 23 or wrapped up their work near midday. Public transport was not as congested during the "rush hour". During the high tide near 11 am, swells were observed at Heng Fa Chuen and Chai Wan, with waves crashing onto the shore and jets of water ejecting from manholes.

As promised, the Observatory issued the #8 Northwest Gale or Storm Signal at 2:20 pm, when RAGASA was about 380 km southeast of Hong Kong. Winds were mostly north to northwesterly over the territory, but they were still rather weak with only occasional strong winds at offshore locations. Over the next few hours, most ferry services were gradually suspended, and bus services were suspended around 2 hours after the signal issuance. An outer rainband of RAGASA arrived at Hong Kong after 5 pm; squally showers became more frequent after sunset. The Observatory mentioned that the #9 Increasing Gale or Storm Signal would be considered between 11 pm and 3 am the next day. Locations that were exposed to the north saw a gradual increase in wind speeds after 8 pm. Gales were initially observed at Green Island, Tate's Cairn and Waglan Island. Widespread strong winds began to be observed over the territory after 10 pm to 11 pm. As for the reference stations, Cheung Chau began to observe gale force winds near midnight September 24, while Chek Lap Kok, Lau Fau Shan and Sai Kung came later at around 2 am.

Weather conditions as RAGASA passed to the south of Hong Kong

With an one-hour advance warning, the #9 Increasing Gale or Storm Signal was issued at 1:40 am. RAGASA had moved to about 150 km south-southeast of Hong Kong at that time. As the #9 signal was issued after the end of service of the MTR lines, open sections of the MTR service were not affected. Winds at Waglan Island strengthened to more than 100 km/h near 2 am, and further to hurricane force (118 km/h) near 2:20 am. This coincided with the time that RAGASA's outer eyewall reached Hong Kong. The local wind direction began to turn northeast, and many locations saw a rapid increase in wind speeds between 2 am and 3 am. The #10 Hurricane Signal was issued at 2:40 am when RAGASA was about 130 km south-southeast of the territory. This marked the first time since 1964 that the #10 Signal was issued twice in a year. Sustained winds at Waglan Island remained at hurricane force for 5 hours as the wind direction turned east gradually, with the highest wind speed of 138 km/h recorded near 5:20 am. Tate's Cairn was the second station where sustained wind speeds reached hurricane force, just after the #10 Signal was issued. A maximum wind speed of 136 km/h was recorded at 6:30 am there. Apart from these two stations, Cheung Chau (124 km/h), Green Island (134 km/h), Ngong Ping (153 km/h), Peng Chau (118 km/h) and Tap Mun (121 km/h) all observed hurricane force winds in the small hours or the morning of September 24. It is worthwhile to note that winds at Tap Mun, a station in northern Hong Kong, failed to reach hurricane force during the approaches of the previous four cyclones that necessitated the #10 Signal (HATO, MANGKHUT, SAOLA and WIPHA).

As RAGASA's intact northern eyewall struck the territory, showers became heavier and more persistent. The Amber Rainstorm Warning was issued at 2:45 am (which lasted until 11:50 am) and the Special Announcement on Flooding in the Northern New Territories was issued at 5:35 am (which lasted until 10 pm). RAGASA was closest to Hong Kong at about 6 am, when it passed at a distance of about 120 km to the south. It became the most distant tropical cyclone to necessitate the #10 Signal in the post-war era. Gale to storm force winds affected much of the territory as easterly winds prevailed near dawn and in the morning; this was generally the time that the strongest winds were observed. Within the Victoria Harbour, North Point recorded a maximum sustained wind speed of 96 km/h (storm force) at 8 am, while gales were observed at Central Pier and Kowloon Star Ferry Pier. Among the eight reference stations, hurricane force winds were observed at Cheung Chau, storm force winds were observed at Chek Lap Kok and Sai Kung, while gale force winds were observed at Lau Fau Shan. The Landslip Warning was issued at 9:15 am; most parts of the territory had accumulated more than 100 mm of rainfall that day by then.

The storm surge caused by RAGASA affected low-lying areas in the morning of September 24. Locations in eastern Hong Kong generally saw the highest water levels earlier in the morning, while those at western Hong Kong had water levels peak later near noon, coinciding with the high tide. The water levels at Quarry Bay, Tai Po Kau and Tai O reached about 3.4 m, 3.75 m and 3.65 m, respectively, for a storm surge of 1.5 m to 2 m. These water levels were all below those recorded during the passages of HATO and MANGKHUT. Seawater backflow was reported in flood-prone areas such as Sha Tin near the Shing Mun River, Heng Fa Chuen and Lei Yue Mun.

As RAGASA moved to the southwest of Hong Kong, winds turned to the southeast in the afternoon. Storm to hurricane force winds were still initially observed at Cheung Chau and Ngong Ping. At 12:19 pm, the Observatory announced that the #8 Southeast Gale or Storm Signal would be issued at 1:20 pm. Winds at these two stations had weakened appreciably by the time of the signal change, when RAGASA was about 170 km southwest of Hong Kong. However, they remained at storm force for another hour or two. The Observatory announced that the #8 Signal would remain in force at least until 8 pm. The MTR expressed that service for open sections of the railway system might not be resumed immediately following the cancellation of the #10 Signal, as inspection and maintenance work would have to be conducted. These procedures were eventually completed by about 7 pm.

A stronger rainband approached eastern Hong Kong from the south near 3 pm. The Amber Rainstorm Warning was issued again at 3:20 pm, this time lasting until 8 pm. The hourly rainfall at Sai Kung exceeded 70 mm between 2:45 pm and 4:45 pm. At 6:25 pm, an hourly reading report issued by the Observatory indicated an hourly rainfall of up to 150 mm in Sai Kung between 4:45 pm and 5:45 pm, but this amount was not supported by radar or isohyet chart data and was likely recorded in error (see Figure 33).

Resumption of public activities

Winds weakened further near sunset and gales were largely confined to offshore and elevated locations. The #3 Strong Wind Signal was issued at 8:20 pm, when RAGASA was about 300 km west-southwest of Hong Kong. It was also mentioned that this signal would last at least until 7 am the next day. In a statement, the government said that "major roads and public transport [were] expected to reopen when the Hong Kong Observatory [issued] the Strong Wind Signal No. 3, allowing the city to resume normalcy". This was generally interpreted as that the "extreme condition" declaration would not be needed this time (Note: When "extreme condition" is effective, regular employees are supposed to remain in a safe place and not to report for duty at their workplace). Bus services gradually resumed one hour after the #8 Signal was cancelled. Some businesses, particularly catering, reopened during the night. Ferry services between Central and Cheung Chau (or Mui Wo) could not be resumed until the next morning, as cleaning and repair work had to be carried out at the piers. A limited number of flights began arriving at the Hong Kong International Airport in the small hours of September 25, while flight departures gradually resumed near 6 am.

Many parts of the territory received more than 200 mm of rain on September 24, while a total of 170.1 mm was recorded at the Observatory. The rain moderated significantly at night; the Landslip Warning was cancelled at 6:30 am September 25. Strong winds were still affecting locations such as Cheung Chau, Tap Mun and Ngong Ping in the morning of September 25. The #3 Strong Wind Signal was replaced by the #1 Standby Signal at 8:20 am, when RAGASA was about 540 km west of Hong Kong. The #1 Signal was subsequently cancelled at 11:20 am, and was replaced by the Strong Monsoon Signal one minute later. Due to the ridge of high pressure in southeastern China, easterly winds remained rather strong during that day, and the Strong Monsoon Signal could not be cancelled until 7:45 am the next morning.

Impact of RAGASA's approach and conditions in Macau

In a blog post, the Observatory mentioned that the strength of winds in Hong Kong during RAGASA's approach was similar to those observed during the approaches of HATO (August 2017), SAOLA (September 2023) and WIPHA (July 2025), but it was generally weaker than the those experienced during MANGKHUT's (September 2018) approach. The fact that RAGASA took a more westerly course while passing south of Hong Kong meant that the territory was spared from the strongest winds in RAGASA's eyewall (see Figure 21). If those winds did reach Hong Kong, the damage would likely be much more serious. As of 8 pm September 24, a total of 101 people were injured and received medical treatment at the Accident and Emergency department of public hospitals. The government received more than 1,200 reports of fallen trees, 22 flooding reports and 4 landslide reports.

In the afternoon of September 23, a family of four including two children went to a waterfront in Chai Wan to watch waves. The 38-year-old mother and her 5-year-old son were swept by the high waves, and the father jumped into the sea in an attempt to save them. All three were soon rescued by a nearby boatman; the mother and son were initially in critical condition upon arrival at the hospital. Over the next day, other videos depicting wave-watching activities while the #10 Signal was in force emerged. The police later arrested several people on suspicion of child neglect, and another was prosecuted for violating the Bathing Beaches Regulation.

In the morning of September 24, huge waves breached the entrance of the Fullerton Ocean Park Hotel in Wong Chuk Hang, breaking the glass doors and flooding the lobby. Elsewhere, waves swept into restaurants near the Tseung Kwan O harbourfront area despite the presence of flood barriers. Piles of debris were found both inside and outside the restaurants; an owner estimated that repair works would cost over HK$4 million. The Tseung Kwan O promanade itself was also left in ruins, although the damage was not as serious as that during the approach of MANGKHUT.

In Macau, the #10 Hurricane Signal was in force between 5:30 am and 4 pm September 24. Although RAGASA was closer to Macau than it was to Hong Kong at closest approach, Macau was also spared from RAGASA's most violent winds. Sustained hurricane force winds, which did not last long, were only recorded at the bridges connecting Macau Peninsula and Taipa. A water level of 1 m to 1.5 m above ground was generally observed at low-lying areas in the late morning to early afternoon of September 24 (see Figure 31 and Figure 32).

應對樺加沙來襲的預防措施

香港天文台於 9 月 12 日發表網誌指西北太平洋有三個潛在的低壓系統出現。根據數值模式預測，其中第三個系統（即最終成為樺加沙的一個）可能以較高強度移向台灣至呂宋海峽一帶。樺加沙進入南海前數天，傳媒已廣泛報導將有颱風來襲。17 日，天文台的九天天氣預報顯示 24 日離岸及高地會吹 8 級風，此預測其後逐步上調；至 21 日，天文台預料 24 日本港將吹 9 至 10 級的暴風，離岸及高地達 12 級颶風。

9 月 19 日下午，天文台發出特別天氣提示，指出樺加沙有機會增強為超強颱風並進入南海，本港天氣將會轉壞並有顯著風暴潮，沿岸地區可能出現水浸。20 日，天文台進一步指出樺加沙引致的風暴潮可能令沿岸水位上升至與 2017 年的天鴿及 2018 年的山竹相若的程度。

港府於 9 月 21 日舉行應對極端天氣督導委員會會議，於惡劣天氣來臨前協調預防措施。下午約 4 時半，天文台宣佈將於翌日接近中午時份發出一號戒備信號。由於樺加沙即將來襲，香港賽馬會提前宣佈取消原定於 24 日晚上舉行的賽事，而 23 日晚的六合彩攪珠亦順延至 25 日。貨櫃碼頭公司宣佈，所有貨櫃（吉櫃及重櫃）交收服務將於 23 日正午起暫停。

9 月 22 日，教育局宣佈所有學校於 23 及 24 日停課，亦有消息指香港國際機場將於 23 日下午 6 時至 25 日上午 6 時全面停飛。一號信號於 22 日下午 12 時 20 分發出，當時樺加沙位於香港東南偏東約 890 公里。這是繼 2018 年山竹的 1110 公里及 1967 年嘉娜的 930 公里之後，發出熱帶氣旋警告時距離香港第三遠的熱帶氣旋。天文台表示將於下午 9 時 40 分發出三號強風信號，並考慮於 23 日下午 1 至 4 時改發八號烈風或暴風信號。

信號升級，風力上升

市民開始為颱風來襲作出準備。9 月 22 日，市面上新鮮食品價格遠較正常貴，部分街市及超市存貨更被清空。為減輕風暴潮的影響，低窪地區居民安裝水閘。受樺加沙的下沉氣流影響，本港 22 日天氣大致良好，日間部分時間有陽光，多區氣溫上升至 33 度以上。三號信號發出時，樺加沙已移至香港東南偏東約 680 公里。當時沙洲間中吹強風，但本港當日風勢大致輕微至和緩。天文台早於改發三號信號時便已宣佈會於超過 16 小時後、即 23 日下午 2 時 20 分發出八號烈風或暴風信號。

9 月 23 日上午 1 時，天文台更新其機場天氣預報，預料 24 日上午 5 至 7 時機場風力將達 65 節（每小時 120 公里），間中達 70 節（每小時 130 公里）。這表示天文台預料機場將吹颶風，超越山竹來襲時錄得的每小時 115 公里的暴風風力。由於提早宣佈改發八號信號時間，多數僱員於 23 日在家工作或於中午時份下班，而「繁忙時間」時公共交通並不太擁擠。當天上午 11 時的漲潮時份，杏花邨及柴灣出現越過海堤的湧浪，渠口有水柱噴出。

一如先前宣佈，天文台於下午 2 時 20 分發出八號西北烈風或暴風信號，當時樺加沙位於香港東南約 380 公里。本港大致吹北至西北風，但風勢仍然頗弱，只有離岸間中吹強風。其後數小時，大部份渡輪陸續停航，巴士則於八號信號發出後約 2 小時停駛。樺加沙一道外圍雨帶於下午 5 時左右抵達本港，日落後驟雨漸趨頻密。天文台表示會考慮於下午 11 時至翌日上午 3 時改發九號烈風或暴風風力增強信號。下午 8 時後，北面當風的地區風力逐漸上升。青洲、大老山及橫瀾島率先吹烈風。及至下午 10 至 11 時，本港開始普遍吹強風。參考站方面，長洲於 24 日午夜左右開始吹烈風，而赤鱲角、流浮山及西貢則於上午 2 時左右才開始吹烈風。

樺加沙於香港以南掠過時的天氣狀況

給予公眾一小時預警後，九號烈風或暴風風力增強信號於上午 1 時 40 分發出，樺加沙當時已移至香港東南偏南約 150 公里。由於九號信號於港鐵尾班車後才發出，露天段鐵路服務未有受到影響。橫瀾島的風速於上午約 2 時上升至每小時超過 100 公里，並於 2 時 20 分左右達到每小時 118 公里的颶風級，與樺加沙外眼牆到達香港的時間吻合。本港風向開始轉為東北，多區風勢於上午 2 至 3 時急劇增強。天文台於上午 2 時 40 分改發十號颶風信號，樺加沙集結於香港東南偏南約 130 公里，而這是自 1964 年以來首次於一年內兩度發出十號信號。風向其後漸轉偏東，橫瀾島的持續風速連續五小時達颶風程度，該地於上午 5 時 20 分左右錄得最高風速為每小時 138 公里。十號信號發出後不久，大老山成為第二個持續風速達颶風程度的站點，而該地於上午 6 時 30 分錄得最高風速為每小時 136 公里。此兩站以外，長洲（每小時 124 公里）、青洲（每小時 134 公里）、昂坪（每小時 153 公里）、坪洲（每小時 118 公里）及塔門（每小時 121 公里）均於 9 月 24 日凌晨或早上錄得颶風風速。值得留意的是，位於香港北部的塔門於此前四個令天文台發出十號信號的氣旋（天鴿、山竹、蘇拉及韋帕）來襲時均未有錄得颶風風速。

由於樺加沙北面完整的眼牆侵襲本港，驟雨變得頻密且持續，天文台分別於上午 2 時 45 分及上午 5 時 35 分發出黃色暴雨警告及新界北部水浸特別報告，而兩者分別生效至上午 11 時 50 分及下午 10 時。樺加沙於上午約 6 時最接近香港，於南方約 120 公里處掠過，是二戰後發出十號信號的氣旋中最遠的一個。日出及早上時份，香港普遍吹烈風至暴風程度的偏東風，這是本港整體風勢達到最強的時候。位於維港內的北角於上午 8 時錄得最高持續風速達每小時 96 公里（暴風），而中環碼頭及九龍天星碼頭則吹烈風。八個參考測風站中，長洲吹颶風，赤鱲角及西貢吹暴風，而流浮山則吹烈風。山泥傾瀉警告於上午 9 時 15 發出，當時本港大部分地區當日雨量已達 100 毫米。

樺加沙引致的風暴潮於 9 月 24 日上午影響低窪地區。香港東部水位於早上初段最高，而西部地區則於接近中午、即漲潮前後錄得最高水位。鰂魚涌、大埔滘及大澳的最高水位分別約為 3.4、3.75 及 3.65 米，風暴潮達 1.5 至 2 米，而水位較天鴿及山竹來襲時為低。水浸黑點如沙田城門河兩岸、杏花邨及鯉魚門等有海水倒灌報告。

隨著樺加沙移至香港西南方，風向於下午轉為東南，初時長洲及昂坪仍然吹暴風至颶風。下午 12 時 19 分，天文台宣佈將於下午 1 時 20 分改發八號東南烈風或暴風信號。信號改發時，樺加沙集結於香港西南約 170 公里，長洲及昂坪風勢已明顯減弱，但其後一兩小時仍然達暴風程度。天文台表示，八號信號將至少維持至下午 8 時。港鐵則表示，十號信號取消後，由於需要進行檢查及維修工作，露天段鐵路服務或未能即時恢復；這些程序最終於下午 7 時左右全數完成。

下午 3 時左右，一道較強的雨帶由南面靠近本港。天文台於下午 3 時 20 分再次發出黃色暴雨警告，維持至下午 8 時才取消。下午 2 時 45 分至 4 時 45 分之間，西貢的時雨量達 70 毫米。下午 6 時 25 分，天文台的每小時溫度濕度報告顯示西貢有站點於下午 4 時 45 分至 5 時 45 分之間錄得 150 毫米雨量，但雷達圖及等雨量線圖資料均不支持此極端雨量，相信有機會是數據出錯（見圖 33）。

公眾活動恢復

日落時份，本港風勢進一步減弱，烈風影響範圍大致局限於離岸及高地。三號強風信號於下午 8 時 20 分發出，當時樺加沙位於香港西南偏西約 300 公里。天文台表示三號信號將至少維持至翌日早上 7 時。港府發佈新聞稿，表示「各主要道路及公共交通預計可以在天文台改發三號強風信號時恢復通行，讓市面基本復常」。此訊息被解讀為政府將不需要為樺加沙的影響發出「極端情況」（註：「極端情況」生效時，一般僱員應留在安全地方，不應返回工作地點上班）。八號信號取消後一小時，巴士服務陸續恢復，而部分商戶如食肆於晚間重開。由於部分渡輪碼頭需進行清潔及維修，來往中環至長洲及梅窩的渡輪服務需要延至翌日早上才能恢復。小量航班於 9 月 25 日凌晨抵港，而離港航班則於上午 6 時左右恢復。

9 月 24 日本港大部份地區雨量達 200 毫米，而天文台則錄得 170.1 毫米。雨勢於晚間明顯緩和，山泥傾瀉警告於 25 日上午 6 時 30 分取消。至 25 日早上，強風仍然影響長洲、塔門及昂坪等地。三號強風信號於上午 8 時 20 分被一號戒備信號取代，當時樺加沙位於香港以西約 540 公里。一號信號亦於上午 11 時 20 分取消，天文台於一分鐘後發出強烈季候風信號。由於高壓脊覆蓋中國東南部，本港當日東風仍然頗強，強烈季候風信號直至翌日上午 7 時 45 分才取消。

樺加沙襲港的影響及澳門的情況

天文台於一篇網誌中表示樺加沙襲港期間風力與 2017 年 8 月的天鴿、2023 年 9 月的蘇拉及 2025 年 7 月的韋帕相近，但較 2018 年 9 月的山竹弱。由於樺加沙於香港以南掠過時路徑有所西偏，香港得以避開眼牆中最強的風力（見圖 21），否則風暴為本港造成的破壞很可能更為嚴重。截至 9 月 24 日下午 8 時，101 人於風暴期間受傷並前往公立醫院急症室接受治療，而政府共接獲超過 1,200 宗塌樹、22 宗水浸及 4 宗山泥傾瀉報告。

9 月 23 日下午，一對夫婦帶同兩名子女到柴灣海邊觀浪，期間 38 歲母親及其 5 歲兒子被大浪捲走，父親跳進海中試圖拯救二人。其後三人均被附近船家救起，母親及兒子送院後初時情況危殆。翌日，網上流傳多條市民於十號信號生效期間觀浪的影片。警方其後以疏忽照顧兒童罪拘捕數人，另有一人亦因違反沙灘條例而被檢控。

9 月 24 日早上，大浪沖毀黃竹坑富麗敦海洋公園酒店的玻璃大門，洪水湧入並淹浸大堂。另外，雖然已裝上水閘，但將軍澳海濱面向大海的餐廳仍遭受大浪侵襲，事後餐廳內外均留有大堆雜物，一名東主估計維修費高達四百萬港元。將軍澳海濱設施亦受損，但程度未及山竹吹襲時嚴重。

澳門方面，十號風球於 9 月 24 日上午 5 時 30 分至下午 4 時之間生效。雖然樺加沙較接近澳門，但當地亦未受風暴威力最強區域的侵襲，只有連接澳門半島及氹仔的大橋曾短暫錄得持續颶風風速。 24 日上午後段至下午初段，當地低窪地區水位約高於地面 1 至 1.5 米（見圖 31 及圖 32）。

Image Gallery 圖片庫

Figure 1 - AI model forecasts (left: FNV3; right: AIFS) on September 12 showing a potential strong tropical cyclone approaching southern China about 10 days later
圖 1 - 9 月 12 日人工智能模式（左：FNV3；右：AIFS）預測一股強熱帶氣旋可能於 10 天後靠近華南沿岸

Figure 2 - Forecasts from various models (top-left: ECMWF; top-right: GFS; bottom-left: FNV3; bottom-right: AIFS) at 8 am September 18
圖 2 - 9 月 18 日上午 8 時各模式預測（左上：ECMWF；右上：GFS；左下：FNV3；右下：AIFS）

Figure 3 - ECMWF model forecast at 8 pm September 21 showing unrealistically high wind speeds and extremely low sea-level pressure south of Hong Kong in the morning of September 24
圖 3 - 9 月 21 日下午 8 時 ECMWF 模式預測顯示 24 日上午香港以南出現脫離現實地高的風速及極低的海平面氣壓

Figure 4 - Satellite image of RAGASA in its initial stages of development east of the Philippines
圖 4 - 樺加沙於菲律賓以東發展初期的衛星雲圖

Figure 5 - 9-day weather forecast bulletins issued by the HKO on September 18 (left) and September 21 (right) (in Chinese only)
圖 5 - 9 月 18 日（左）及 21 日（右）香港天文台九天天氣預報，留意 9 月 24 日的風力預測

Figure 6 - HKO's mean sea level pressure probability forecast showing a small possibility of observing a very low pressure (near or below 970 hPa) on September 24
圖 6 - 香港天文台之平均海平面氣壓概率預報顯示 9 月 24 日有小機會出現非常低的氣壓（接近或低於 970 百帕）

Figure 7 - HKO's tropical cyclone track probability forecast issued on September 21
圖 7 - 9 月 21 日香港天文台之熱帶氣旋路徑概率預報

Figure 8 - Vertical wind shear distribution map at 8 am September 21
圖 8 - 9 月 21 日上午 8 時之垂直風切變分佈圖

Figure 9 - Steering flow chart at 8 am September 21 (top) and 23 (bottom)
圖 9 - 9 月 21 日（上）及 23 日（下）上午 8 時之駛流場分佈圖

Figure 10 - Forecast tracks from various official agencies on September 18 (top-left), September 20 (top-right) and September 22 (bottom)
圖 10 - 9 月 18 日（左上）、20 日（右上）及 22 日（下）之官方機構預測路徑圖

Figure 11 - HKO's track forecast and intensity at 8 am September 20 (left) and September 22 (right) showing RAGASA's possible direct hit at the Pearl River Estuary at super typhoon intensity
圖 11 - 9 月 20 日（左）及 22 日（右）上午 8 時香港天文台之預測路徑及強度，顯示樺加沙有機會以超強颱風強度直趨珠江口

Figure 12 -Wind field analysis map at 8:39 am September 22
圖 12 - 9 月 22 日上午 8 時 39 分之風場分析圖

Figure 13 - Satellite images of RAGASA near its peak intensity. Its sturdy eyewall structure is clearly visible.
圖 13 - 樺加沙於接近巔峰強度之衛星雲圖，清楚見到其眼牆結構十分紮實

Figure 14 - Radar image of RAGASA as it passed through Calayan Island in the Luzon Strait
圖 14 - 樺加沙橫過位於呂宋海峽的加拉延島之雷達圖

Figure 15 - JTWC's track forecast and intensity at 8 am September 22
圖 15 - 9 月 22 日上午 8 時聯合颱風警報中心之預測路徑及強度

Figure 16 - 500 hPa weather map at 8 pm September 22
圖 16 - 9 月 22 日下午 8 時之 500 百帕天氣圖

Figure 17 - Presentation slide of HKO's briefing on September 23 showing the possible water levels over various parts of Hong Kong on September 24 (in Chinese only)
圖 17 - 香港天文台於 9 月 23 日的簡報顯示本港多區翌日最高水位之預測

Figure 18 - Satellite image at 9:50 pm September 23. RAGASA's double eyewall feature can be seen.
圖 18 - 9 月 23 日下午 9 時 50 分之衛星雲圖可見樺加沙的雙重眼壁結構

Figure 19 - RAGASA's estimated wind field at 5 am September 24. Parts of southern Hong Kong were within the region with hurricane force winds (64+ knots).
圖 19 - 9 月 24 日上午 5 時之估算風場，顯示香港南部部分地區處於颶風圈內（風速 64 節或以上）

Figure 20 - Wind field analysis map at 9:59 pm September 23 (top) and 10:29 am September 24 (bottom)
圖 20 - 9 月 23 日下午 9 時 59 分（上）及 24 日上午 10 時 29 分（下）之風場分析圖

Figure 21 - Synthetic aperture radar wind field analysis map at 6:18 am September 24. While hurricane force winds (within the red circle) affected southern parts of Hong Kong, the territory was spared from the destructive winds in the inner parts of RAGASA's eyewall (within the purple circle).
圖 21 - 9 月 24 日上午 6 時 18 分之合成孔徑雷達風場分析圖。雖然颶風（紅圈內）影響香港南部，但樺加沙眼牆內部毀滅性的風力（紫圈內）並未觸及本港

Figure 22 - HKO's track map (with estimated wind fields, plotted by HKWW) at 5 am September 24. The area within the black circle was affected by hurricane force winds.
圖 22 - 9 月 24 日上午 5 時香港天文台之路徑及估計風場圖（由本網繪製），黑圈以內的區域受颶風影響

Figure 23 - Satellite image at 8 am September 24
圖 23 - 9 月 24 日上午 8 時之衛星雲圖

Figure 24 - HKO's weather chart at 8 am September 24
圖 24 - 9 月 24 日上午 8 時香港天文台之天氣圖

Figure 25 - Radar images at 4-hour intervals from 9 pm September 23 to 5 pm September 24
圖 25 - 9 月 23 日下午 9 時至 24 日下午 5 時每四小時之雷達圖

Figure 26 - Local weather element distribution maps at 4-hour intervals from 9 pm September 23 to 5 pm September 24 (strong winds or above are represented by red wind barbs)
圖 26 - 9 月 23 日下午 9 時至 24 日下午 5 時每四小時之本港天氣元素分布圖 (強風或以上風速以紅色風矢標示)

Figure 27 - Wind speed time series at Cheung Chau, Green Island, Lau Fau Shan, Ngong Ping, North Point, Sai Kung, Kowloon Star Ferry Pier, Tap Mun, Waglan Island and Macau Bridge South (top to bottom) between September 23 and 24
圖 27 - 長洲、青洲、流浮山、昂坪、北角、西貢、九龍天星碼頭、塔門、橫瀾島及澳門大橋南（上至下）於 9 月 23 至 24 日之風速時間序列圖

Figure 28 - Mean sea level pressure time series at Cheung Chau, HKO and Waglan Island (top to bottom) between September 23 and 24
圖 28 - 長洲、香港天文台及橫瀾島（上至下）於 9 月 23 至 24 日之平均海平面氣壓時間序列圖

Figure 29 - 24-hour sea level pressure change (left) and the distribution of sea level pressures (right) in southern China at 2 pm September 24. The pressure reading at Shangchuan Dao was 957.2 hPa.
圖 29 - 9 月 24 日下午 2 時之 24 小時華南海平面氣壓變化（左）及氣壓分佈圖（右），可見當時上川島的氣壓讀數為 957.2 百帕

Figure 30 - Observed and predicted sea level at Quarry Bay, Tai O, Tai Po Kau, Tsim Bei Tsui and in Macau (top to bottom) during RAGASA's approach
圖 30 - 樺加沙靠近時鰂魚涌、大澳、大埔滘、尖鼻咀及澳門（上至下）之實測及預測水位圖

Figure 31 - Water level at Interior Port (South), Macau between 9:50 and 10:50 am September 24. A rise of over 1 m in the water level was observed during that hour.
圖 31 - 澳門內港（南）於 9 月 24 日上午 9 時 50 分至 10 時 50 分之水位變化，該地一小時之間水位上升超過 1 米

Figure 32 - Water level at Interior Port (North), Macau between 9:50 and 10:50 am September 24. A rise of over 1 m in the water level was observed during that hour.
圖 32 - 澳門內港（北）於 9 月 24 日上午 9 時 50 分至 10 時 50 分之水位變化，該地一小時之間水位上升超過 1 米

Figure 33 - Daily rainfall distribution as of 4:45 pm (left), 5:45 pm (middle) and 6 pm (right) September 24. The circled region was where anomalous readings were suspected, as a drop in total rainfall could be seen between 5:45 pm and 6 pm.
圖 33 - 9 月 24 日截至下午 4 時 45 分（左）、5 時 45 分（中）及 6 時（右）之雨量分佈圖。黃圈所示區域數據疑似有問題，可以見到總雨量於 5 時 45 分至 6 時之間有所下降

Figure 34 - Rainfall distribution map for September 23 (left) and 24 (right)
圖 34 - 9 月 23 日（左）及 24 日（右）之雨量分佈圖

Figure 35 - Table of maximum 60-minute average wind speeds during the passage of typhoons necessitating the #10 Hurricane Signal in Hong Kong
圖 35 - 引致香港天文台發出十號颶風信號的颱風襲港時最高 60 分鐘平均風速列表

Figure 36 - Sea water rushing into the concourse of Fullerton Ocean Park Hotel (Internet)
圖 36 - 海水湧入富麗敦海洋公園酒店大堂（網上圖片；新聞連結按此）

Figure 37 - Rise in water level in the Shing Mun River, Shatin during RAGASA's approach (Internet)
圖 37 - 樺加沙襲港期間沙田城門河水位上漲（網上圖片；新聞連結按此）

Figure 38 - Big waves crashing onto the Tseung Kwan O Promenade (Internet)
圖 38 - 將軍澳海濱長廊有巨浪拍打上岸（網上圖片；新聞連結按此）

Figure 39 - Big waves seen at Cheung Chau Tung Wan (lit. "East Bay") during RAGASA's approach (Internet)
圖 39 - 樺加沙襲港期間長洲東灣出現巨浪（網上圖片；新聞連結按此）

Figure 40 - A Banyan tree more than 50 years of age in Oi Man Estate collapsed during RAGASA's approach (Source: click here)
圖 40 - 樺加沙襲港期間，位於愛民邨一棵超過 50 年樹齡的榕樹倒塌（來源按此）

Winds Recorded at Reference Stations 參考站所錄得的風速

The following table lists the maximum 10-minute average (sustained) wind speed recorded while tropical cyclone signals were in force. In some occasions, it is possible that the strongest winds were not recorded when the highest signal was in force.

下表列出各站於熱帶氣旋警告信號生效時所錄得的最高 10 分鐘平均（持續）風速，留意此風速不一定於最高信號生效期間錄得。

Charts and Figures 各項數據

Table 1: Track data from HKWW:
表一 : 香港天氣觀測站之路徑資料

Table 2: Maximum gust and hourly average wind speed recorded in Hong Kong from HKO:
表二 : 香港天文台公佈的各站最高每小時平均風力和陣風數據 (英文)

Table 3: Rainfall (in millimetres) contributed by RAGASA from HKO (figures in brackets are based on incomplete hourly data):
表三 : 香港天文台公佈的各站雨量資料 (英文) (方括號內之數據由不完整之每小時資料擷取)

Last Accessed 最近訪問日期: Thu Jun 11 2026 12:40:35 HKT
Last Modified 最近修訂日期: Sat Apr 18 2026